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Antiinfective Agent

DSCC Pharm NUR113 Test #4

QuestionAnswer
what precaution is taken for TB pts? droplet precaution
who is at r/f TB? -alcohol addicted, debilitated -immunocompromised, AIDS
when is prophylaxis of TB contraindicated? pts w/liver disease
is single or multi drug therapy better tx for TB? multi drug therapy is best
why is single drug therapy ineffective for TB? it is ineffective bc of the quick drug resistance
has tx duration decreased or increased for TB? decreased: was 2yrs now is 6-9mo
why are 1st line drugs chosen over 2ed line drugs for TB? 1st line drugs are more effective and less toxic than 2ed line drugs
what are the 2 examples given for 1st line TB drugs? Isoniazid and Rifampin
what are the 3 examples given for 2ed line TB drugs? capreomycin, amikacin, and ciprofoxacin
the tx regimen for TB is divided into 2 phases, what are the durations? phase1: 2mo and phase2: 4-7mo
what is the ACTION for Isoniazid? it inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
what are the 3 major SE of Isoniazid? peripheral neuropathy, psychotic behaviors, and hepatotoxicity
what is the drug interaction for alcohol and Rifampin on Isoniazid? alcohol and Rifampin increase the effect of Isoniazid
what is more likely to happen when taking Dilantin and Isoniazid together and why? Dilantin and Isoniazid together increase the likelihood of seizures bc of the decrease of phenytoin effects
what OTC med should a pt on Isoniazid avoid and why? antacids: they decrease the absorption of Isoniazid
when should a pt take Isoniazid and why must they follow complete regimen? take 1hr b4 meals or 2hrs after meals, pt must follow complete regimen or it can build a drug resistance
what should the pt take to prevent peripheral neuropathy while on Isoniazid? taking pyridoxine vit B6 while on Isoniazid will help prevent peripheral neuropathy
what should we teach the pt to report and what precaution should they take while being on Isoniazid? report:numbness, tingling, and burning precaution: sun precautions
what should we monitor for w/ a pt on streptomycin? monitor ototoxicity
what should we warn the pt ahead of time when taking Rifampin? warn pt that body fluids may be red orange in color
what can you tx with antifungals for a superficial infection? the skin and mucous membranes
amphotericin B and Nystatin are classified under which antifungal drug group? polyenes
what is the ACTION of amphotericin B? it binds to the fungal cell membrane causing leakage of the cellular contents
what is our priority nursing intervention for giving a pt Amphotericin B? prevent febrile reactions and anaphylaxis
what is Nystatin given for? we give it for thrush
what is the ACTION of Nystatin? it increases the permeability of fungal cell membranes, it is both fungistatic and fungicidal
Fluconazole (Diflucan) tx what? candidiasis, cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis
where can we contract cryptococcosis? fungal tree/soil spores
where can we contract histoplasmosis? bird droplets
we use antiprotozoals for the tx of...? mild to moderate pneumonia, end stage AIDS pt, cancer pt, and those with poor immunity
peptides such as aerosporin were used as...? early antibiotics
what are the ADVERSE effects of taking aerosporin? nephro and neuro toxicity
flagyl is given for...? GI, H. Pylori
what are the SE of taking alcohol with flagyl? facial flushing, sweating, severe HA, and slurred speech
high doses of flagyl can cause...? dark reddish brown urine
a pt with a virus should nvr be given...? antibiotics for tx
what do vaccines do? used for a method of prevention
what 2 nonclassified antivirals are given for the flu type A? symmetrel and flumadine
what neuraminidase inhibitor is given for the flu types A and B tamiflu
what is the ACTION of tamiflu? it inhibits viral replication if given within 48hrs of symptoms
what topical antiviral med can be given for HSV? herplex liquifilm
what is the ACTION of a purine nucleoside? it interferes with viral DNA sythesis
what are the SE of acyclovir? GI Distress, nephrotoxicity
what are the nursing interventions for a pt taking acyclovir? administer IV over 60 min, monitor BP, asses for superinfection, instruct pt to abstain for sex or use 2ed method of birthcontrol
Created by: tferrari
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