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Med Surge
Spinal cord injury
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Nursing interventions for TPA | vitals q 15 min for 2 hrs then 30 min for 6 hrs |
Korsocoffs syndrome | vitamin b1 def(thiamine) Delerium tremors pscyhosisis |
Drug to increase hR | atropine |
Autonomic Dysreflexia | EMergency- exaggerated response to stimuli; S/s: extreame HTN, Diaphoretic, headache |
Interventions for autonomic dyreflexia | #1 elevate HOB 45 degrees Call Dr Vasopressor |
Primary and Secondary SCI | Primary- initail trauma, permenant Secondary- cascade of primary, reversible 4-6hrs, #1 thing to watch for @ the level of injury |
Neurological level of injury | lowest level at which sensory/motor fxn is normal on both sides |
Complete cord injury | total loss of sensory and motor fxn below injury |
Incomplete cord injury | mixed loss of voluntary motor activity and sensation and leaves some tracts in tact |
Spinal shock | no relfexes loss of sensation flaccid paralysis below level of injury lasts day to months |
Neurogenic shick | decreased BP Decreased HR no sweating decreased CO No tone below the lesion |
Emergency Management of SCI | Immobilize( move as a unit), stabilize, extrication. Goal is to prevent secondary injury |
Medical management of SCI in acute phase | IV corticosteriod in first 24-48 hrs Vasopressor to maintain BP Oxygen Traction may be needed ( Halo device, GFardner wells) Surgery indicated if cord compress, wound penetrating cord, thoracic or lumbar vertebrae |
Central Cord Syndrome S/S | Loss of motor in upper extremities; sensory loss is varaiable Usually hyperextension injury |
Anterior Cord syndrome | loss of motor, pain and temp below the lesion Light touch, position, and vibration remain intact disk herniation or injury to anterior spine |
Brown-Sequard Syndrome (Lateral) | ipsilateral paralysis with loss of touch, pressure, vibration on SAME side Loss of pain on the opposite side result from hemisection of cord(knife wound) |
c1-c3 | require ventilator c4 may be able to breathe on own |