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APHG Chapter 2
Population
Question | Answer |
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Population Density | a measurement of the number of people per unit of land |
Arithmetic Population Density | the population of a country or region as an average per unit area (just the numbers) |
Physiological Population Density | the number of people per unit area of arable (agriculturally productive) land |
Population Distribution | the places on Earth where populations live |
Dot Maps | maps where one dot represents a certain number of phenomenon (such as population) |
Megalopolis | a term used to refer to huge urban agglomerations (combination of many areas) |
Census | the practice of trying to count every single person in the country, and dividing them into categories |
Doubling time | the amount of time that it takes a population to double |
Population Explosion | a rapid growth of of the world's human population; attended by ever |
Natural Increase | population growth measure as the excess of live births over death; no immigration or emigration |
Crude birth rate (CBR) | the number of live births per year per thousand people in the population |
Crude death rate (CDR) | the number of deaths per year per thousand people |
Demographic transition | shift in population growth |
Stationary population level | when the world's population would stabilize and stop growing (reaching carrying capacity) |
Population composition | the number of women and men and their ages |
Population pyramids | graphs that represent age and sex of the population visually |
Infant morality rate | rate of children who die in their first year following birth |
Newborn morality rate | number of children who die in their first month of life per 1,000 live births |
Child mortality rate | number of deaths of children between the ages 1 and 5 |
Life expectancy | the average number of years one may expect to survive |
Infectious diseases | diseases resulting from an invasion of parasites and their multiplication in the body |
Chronic or degenerative diseases | the maladies of longevity and old age |
Genetic or inherited diseases | diseases caused by variation or mutation of a gene or group of genes in a human |
Endemic | a disease that is particular to a locality or region |
AIDS | disease caused by the HIV which over a period of years weakens the capacity of the immune system to fight off infection so that weight loss and weakness set in and other afflictions such as cancer or pneumomonia may hasten an infected person's demise |
Expansive population policies | government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth |
Eugenic population policies | government policies designed to favor one racial sector over others |
Restrictive population policies | government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural increase |
One child policy | a policy established by the Chinese government in 1979 to slow population growth in China |