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APICS BOS Vocab D
APICS CPIM Basics of supply chain dictionary words D
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Decentralized inventory control | Inventory decision making exercised at each stocking location for SKUs at that location |
| Decoupling inventory | An amount of inventory kept between entities in a manufacturing or distribution network to create independence between processes or entities. The objective of decoupling inventory is to disconnect the rate of use from the rate of supply of the item. |
| Delivery lead time | The time from the receipt of a customer order to the delivery of the product syn:delivery cycle |
| Demand | A need for a particular product of component. The demand could come from any number of sources. At the finished goods level, demand data are usually different from sales data. Generally 4 components of demand. Cyclical, random, seasonal, and trend |
| Demand lead time | The amount of time potential customers are willing to wait for the delivery of a good or a service syn: customer tolerance time |
| Demand management-1 | The function of recognizing all demands for goods and services to support the marketplace. It involves prioritizing demand when supply is lacking. Proper demand management facilitates the planning and use of resources for profit |
| Demand management-2 | In marketing, the process of planning, executing, controlling, and monitoring the design, pricing, promotion, and distribution of products and services to bring about transactions that meet organizational and individual needs syn:Marketing management. |
| Demand pull | The triggering of material movement to a work center only when that work center is ready to begin the next job. In effect, it shortens or eliminates the queue from in front of a work center, but it can cause a queue at the end of a previous work center. |
| Demonstrated capacity | Proven capacity calculated from actual performance data, usually expressed as the average number of items produced multiplied by the std hours per item. |
| Demurrage | The carrier charges and fees applied when rail freight cars and ships are retained beyond a specified loading or unloading time |
| Dependent demand | Demand that is directly related to or derived from the BOM structure for other items or end products. |
| Deshi | Japanese word for student |
| Detention | Carrier charges and fees applied when truck trailers are retained beyond a specified loading or unloading time |
| Direct labor | Labor that is specifically applied to the good being manufactured or used in the performance of the service syn:touch labor |
| Direct material | Material that becomes a part of the final product in measurable quantities |
| Discrete manufacturing | The production of distinct items such as automobiles, appliances, or computers |
| Discrete order picking | A method of picking orders in which the items on one order are picked before the next order is picked |
| Dispatching | The selecting and sequencing of available jobs to run at individual workstations and the assignment of those jobs to workers |
| Distribution | The activities associated with the movement of material, usually FG or service parts, from the manufacturer to the customer. |
| What does distribution encompass? | These activities encompass the functions of transportation, warehousing, inventory control, material handling, order admin, site and location analysis, industrial packaging, data processing, and the communications network necessary for effect. management. |
| What does distribution include? | It includes all activities related to physical distribution, as well as the return of goods to the manufacturer. In many cases, this movement is made through one or more levels of field warehouses. |
| Distribution center | A warehouse with FG and/or service items. A company, ex), might have a manufacturing facility in Phil and distribution center in ATL, DAL, LA, SF, and Chicago. Syn with branch WH. When it serves group of WH, it's called regional distribution center. |
| Distribution channel | The distribution route, from raw materials through consumption, along which products travel. |
| Distribution cost | Those items of cost related to the activities associated with the movement and storage of finished products. Distribution costs can include inventory costs, transportation costs, and order processing costs. |
| Distribution inventory | Inventory, usually spare parts and FGs, located in the distribution system |
| Distribution requirement planning (DRP) | The function of determining the need to replenish inventory at branch WHs. A time-phased order point approach is used where the planned orders at the branch WH level are "exploded" via MRP logic to become gross req. on the supp. source.Input to MPS |
| Distribution warehouse | A facility that receives items in large lots, stores them temporarily, and breaks them into smaller lots destined for a variety of locations. |
| Distributor | A business that does not manufacture its own products, but purchases and resells these products. Such a business usually maintains a FG inventory syn:Wholesaler |
| Dock-to-stock | A program by which specific quality and packaging requirements are met before the product is released. Prequalified product is shipped directly into the customer's inventory. Dock-to-stock eliminates the costly handling of components. |
| Dojo | Japanese word for hall |
| Drop ship | To take the title of the product but not actually handle, stock, or deliver it (i.e., to have one supplier ship directly to another or to have a supplier ship directly to the buyer's customer) |
| Drum-buffer-rope (DBR) | The TOC method for scheduling and managing operations that have an internal constraint or capacity-constrained resource. |
| Drum schedule | The detailed production schedule for a resource that sets the pace for the entire system. The drum schedule must reconcile the customer requirements with the system's constraint(s). |
| Due date | The date when purchased mat or production mat is due to be avil for use syn: expected receipt date |
| Duty-free zone | An area where merchandise is brought into the country for further work to be done. Duty is paid only on the items brought in, normally at a lower rate than finished goods, and paid only at the time of sale. |
| data governance | |
| days of supply | Inventory on hand metric converted from units to how long the units will last. |
| demand planning | The process of combining statistical forecasting techniques and judgment to construct demand estimates for products or services (both high and low volume; lumpy and continuous) across the supply chain from the suppliers raw materials to the consumer |
| duty | A tax levied by a government on the importation, exportation, or use and consumption of goods. |
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chrisheecho
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