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Unit 7:13

Endocrine system (updated)

Question.Answer
The endocrine system is a ductless system.
Chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the bloodstream hormones
Located in front of the upper part of the trachea. thyroid gland
Frequently called the “suprarenal” glands because one is located above each kidney. The adrenal glands
It is both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. The pancreas
Hyperparathyroidism results in hypercalcemia, which leads to renal calculi
Hyperglycemia, hypertension, muscle weakness, a “moon” face, and obesity are symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome
Activates cells in the immune system early in life. The thymus
It produces Insulin for the metabolism of glucose Pancreas
It produces Thyrotropin (TSH) to stimulate growth and secretion of the thyroid gland Pituitary
What produces a Parathormone to regulate the amount of calcium in the blood Parathyroid
What producesTestosterone to stimulate the growth and development of sex organs in the male Testes
What produces Vasopressin (ADH) to promote reabsorption of water in the kidneys Pituitary
Produces Lactogenic (LTH) or prolactin to stimulate the secretion of milk Pituitary
Produces Melatonin to delay puberty Pineal
Produces Mineralocorticoids to regulate the absorption of sodium and the elimination of potassium in the kidney Adrenal
Produces Thyroxine to increase metabolic rate Thyroid
Produces Thymosin to stimulate the production of antibodies in early life Thymus
Produces Estrogen to stimulate the growth of the reproductive organs in the female Ovary
Produces Epinephrine to activate the sympathetic nervous system Adrenal
Produces Chorionic gonadotropin to cause the corpus luteum of the ovary to continue secreting Placenta
Stimulate exocrine glands, and endocrine glands, regulates growth and development, regulates metabolism, maintains fluid and chemical balance, controls various sex processes Functions of hormones
Hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, glycosuria, weight loss, fatigue, slow healing of skin infections, and vision changes Symptoms of diabetes mellitus
Carefully regulated diet, regulated exercise, oral hypoglycemic drugs and/or insulin injections Treatments for diabetes mellitus
An enlargement of the thyroid gland is called a goiter
What are the gonads or sex glands of the male testes
A mass of cells in upper part of the chest thymus
What activates the sympathetic nervous system epinephrine or adrenalin
An antidiuretic, that promotes reabsorption of water in the kidneys vasopressin
What regulates reabsorption of sodium in kidney and elimination of potassium mineralocorticoids
Small structure located in the brain pineal body
What are the gonads of the female? ovaries
How are hormones transported? through the blood stream
Located on each side of the uterus in the female ovaries
Located under the brain in the sella turcica pituitary
Located in the scrotal sac of the male testes
Behind and attached to the thyroid parathyroid
A glandular organ located behind the stomach pancreas
Used in the metabolism of glucose insulin
It stimulates secretion of mild lactogenic or prolactin
Growth hormone, stimulates normal body growth somatotrophin
Regulates amount of calcium in the blood parathormone
Stimulates growth and development of sex organs in males testosterone
Increases metabolic rate, stimulates physical and mental growth thyroxine
Stimulates growth and secretion of the thyroid gland thyrothrophin
A decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone causes diabetes insipidus
Results from an undersecretion of somatotropin and can be caused by a tumor, infection, genetic factors or injury. dwarfism
Results from an oversecretion of somatotropin (growth hormone) in an adult and is usually caused by a tumor of the pituitary. acromegaly
Overactivity of the thyroid gland, which causes increased production of thyroid hormones and increased basal metabolic (BMR) hyperthyroidism
A severe form of hyperthyroidism more common in women than men Graves' disease
Hypothyroidism underactivity of the thyroid gland and a deficiency of thyroid hormones
Over production of parathormone hyperparathyroidism
(NIDDM) or Type II Diabetic the mature - onset noninsulin dependant diabetic
Results from an oversecretion of glucocorticoids on the part of the adrenal cortex Cushing's syndrome
Underactivity of the parathyroid gland, which causes a low level of calcium in the blood. hypoparathyroidism
Cells located throughout the pancreas in patches of tissue islets of Langerhans
A chronic disease caused by decreased secretion of insulin. diabetes mellitus
(IDDM) Type I diabetic occurs early in life and requires insulin
Caused by decreased secretion of aldosterone on the part of the adrenal cortex. Addison's disease
Because it produces many hormones that affect other glands the parathyroid gland is often called the master gland
The adrenal glands are divided into two sections or lobes called the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe
Researchers have proven that weight control and moderate exercise can reduce the risk of developing diabetes by as much as 55 to 70 percent
What maintains the blood level of glucose glucagon
It causes contractions of the uterus during childbirth oxytocin
Prevents vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the brain serotonin
Stimulates growth and secretion of the cortex of the adrenal gland adrenocorticotropic
Aids in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates glucocorticoids
Accelerates absorption of calcium by the bones thyrocalcitonin
What results when the pituitary gland secretes excessive amounts of somatotropin (growth hormone) before puberty giantism
Created by: Health Science
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