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TL - Antibiotics
Common Antibiotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metronidazole | Flagyl – antibiotic |
| Flagyl | metronidazole |
| Why no aftershave while taking metronidazole Flagyl? | reaction like disulfuram type reaction (flushing, N&V, palpitations, tachycardia, physchosis |
| Name some pathogens that Flagyl’s trichomonacidal and amebicidal activity is effective against? | Trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica, Clostridium difficile, Giardia lambia |
| What kind of bacteria is Flagyl (metronidazole) effective against? | anaerobic bacteria, gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, and clostridia |
| What are the primary uses for metronidazole? | trichomoniasis, intetstinal amebiasis, and antibiotic associated colitis |
| When is the use of metrionidazole contraindicated? | active CNS disease, blood dyscrasias, first trimester of pregnancy, breastfeeding mothers |
| What conditions require precaution for the RX of metronidazole? | pregnancy (2nd and 3rd trimesters), alcoholism and hepatic disease |
| What are the most frequent side effects associated with metronidazole? | nausea, headache, fatigue, dry mouth, metallic taste, GI distress |
| What are the nursing implications associated with metronidazole? | take on empty stomache (food ok if nauseated), no alcohol – not even cologne, breastfeeding mom’s wait 3 days after last dose to resume breastfeeding, harmless darkening of urine |
| How do tetracyclines work? | compete for binding in RNA sites inhibiting bacterial function and reproduction |
| What are some uses for tetracycline? | Chlamydia, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Acne, Cystitis, sinusitis, lyme disease, periodontal disease, tropical intestinal infection, PUD |
| Who should not have tetracycline? | kids with developing teeth or pregnant women – stains teeth, renal or hepatic dysfunction |
| What are the nursing implications for tetracycline? | administer on an empty stomach, no milk, antacids, or iron for 2 hours; no pregnant women or kids forming teeth; photosensitivity – sunscreen and protective clothing; watch for development of C. difficile |
| Name a drug used to treat TB | IsonIazid (INH) |
| How does Isoniazid (INH) work and why does a person have to take it so long? | Interferes with biosynthesis of bacterial protein, nucleic acid, and lipids. It only kills the actively dividing organisms. It’s bacteriostatic to the resting (hiding) ones. |
| What are the uses for Isoniazid (INH)? | treatment of TB and prevention in high risk persons (positive TB test or exposure) |
| What are the contraindications/precautions for Isoniazid (INH)? | Hypersensitivity Hx, Renal and Liver problems, Convulsive disorders, Alcoholism |
| Mnemonic used for the antibiotics used for TB = STRIPE – what drugs does STRIPE stand for? | Streptomycin, Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrizinamide, Ethambutol |
| List common side effects associated with Isoniazid (INH). | Peripheral neuritis, clumsiness, unsteadiness, muscle ache, epigastric distress, jaundice, drug induced hepatitis |
| List the nursing implications for Isoniazid (5). | Take on empty stomach 1-2 hrs b4/after meals; depletes b6 (pyridoxine)-supplement; Peripheral neuritis signs of: numbness, tingling, burning, or pain in feet/hands; alcohol + INH = hepatotoxicity; TB takes 2 drugs, INH usually goes with Rifampin. |
Created by:
Perseverandovercome
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