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7C environment test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are abiotic elements? | any non-living component found in the environment. |
| what is an ecosystem? | a network of interactions that link the living and non-living parts of the environment |
| what is an ecology? | the studdy of relationships between organisms and organisms in their environment |
| what is a habitat? | a place where an organism lives |
| what is a nutrient? | a substance that an organism needs to grow and maintain its body |
| what is organism? | a living thing |
| what is a biotic element? | any living thing found in the environment |
| what is a micro-organism? | an organism that is small and must be viewed with the help of a micro-scope |
| what is a species? | a group of similair organisms that can mate and reproduce the same type of organisms |
| what is a population? | a group of organisms of the same species in a given area |
| what is a community? | a group of organisms of diffferent species in a given area |
| describe sunlight and its importance. | -provides energy that makes life possible -plants need it to grow and reproduce used by plants to make (sugars) food needed to perform life functions -amount of sunlight determines what animal can live where |
| how is warmth provided by the sun important? | -animals recieve energy inderectly from sunlight since animals eat plants thus providing animals with energy -energy is transferred as one animal eats another -also provides warmth-some animals need this to raise body temperature so they can move faster |
| what does amount of sunlight indicate? | also amount of sunlight- amount of sunlight indicates changes in seasonal events eg= more hours of sunlight than there is in winter, hours of sunlight trigger bird migrations, blossoming of flowers etc. |
| describe air and its importance | -it's made up of gases caorbon dioxide, ooxygen, and nitrogen -many organisms breathe in air to obtain oxygen needed to perform life functions |
| describe the relatonship between plants and air | plants breathe in air to obtain carbon dioxide needed for life functions oxygen production by plants is one of the most important proccesses on earth and many organisms depend on it |
| describe water and its importance | -all organisms need it to survive -some organisms need sal water others need fresh water eg= estuory -many organisms live in water -water ccontains dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide -aquatic plants and anilmals absorb oxygen from water |
| describe food and its importance | -provides organisms with nutrients -nutrients- a substance that an organism needs to grow and maintain itself, eg= sugars, starches, fat, protein, vitamin, and minerals |
| how do animals and plants obtain nutrients? | plants absorb nutrients from soil and surroundings animals obtain nutrients from the food they eat and surroundings |
| descibe ideal temperature and its importance | -measure of warmth of a place or of an object -affected by interactions of soil ,sunlight, air, and water -most organisms have an ideal temperature in which they can live in, if it is too hot or cold then the organism may not be able to survive |
| give an example of an animal that has an ideal temperature | - brook trout prefers WATER temperature to be at 4 to 20 degrees calcius |
| describe competition | occurs when more then one organism competes for the same basic resource in the same area -controls population size- limits the # of organisms that can survive on resources in the area -helped by pesticides farmers contol or eliminate competing organisms |
| describe competiton | -plants compete for the same basic resources in that area such as sunlight, air and nutrients -with limited resources some plants may grow small and thin while others grow strong |
| give an example of competition in pond | a pond may only provide enough water for a certain # of frogs, too much and some will die from lack of food and water |
| what usually happens in competition? | in competitionn one organism usually "wins" and another usually "loses" |
| decscribe the two main roles in predadatipon and give an example | predator animals hunt other animals for food -prey- animals usually hunted by prey eg=wolf(predator)moose (prey) |
| describe the predator prey cycle | as predator population increases in size, then prey population shall decrease in size -if prey population is too low in size then predator population will decrease in size due to starvation, thus causeing the prey population to increase once more |
| what happens to plants in the predator prey cycle? | it may cause an impact on plant population, if prey population is too high in size then plant population will be too low in size plant low/prey high or plant high/prey low |
| describe mutualism | interactions between two individuals of different species which benefit both |
| give an example of mutualism | bee takes nectar from flower while doing so bee picks up some pollen- pollen is then transferred from one flower to another to reproduce, nectar benefits both bee, and transfer of pollen benefits flower |
| what is a decomposer? | an organism that consumes or breaks down dead organisms so that they can be reused in the ecosystem |
| why are decomposers important? | break down complex chemicals into simpler substances so that other organisms can use them as food(nutrients) |
| list some examples of decomposers | bacteria, fungi (mould) |
| what is a detrivore? | an organism that feeds on decaying plants, animal matter, or waste matter |
| list some examples of detrivores | some types of beetles, certain sea birds, and earthworms |
| what is a producer? | an organism (plant)that contains chlorophyll and can make its own food |
| what is chlorophyll? | a green substance that plants use to capture energy from the sun |
| describe photosynthesis | photosynthesis describes the proccess where plants capture the energy from the sun to poduce a high energy food called sugar |
| write the written equation for photosynthesis | carbon dioxide+water+sunlight energy=sugar=oxygen |
| what is consumer? | an organism that cannot make its own food from sunlight energy and thus relies on consuming other organisms as food to recieve "captured energy" |
| list some examples of consumers | carnivore,herbivore,omnivore,scavenger |
| what is a carnivore? | a meat eater=lion,osprey,wolf |
| what is a herbivore? | a plant eater=rabbit, deer, beaver |
| what is a omnivore? | a plant and animal eater=human, raccoon,bear |
| what is a scavenger? | a dead animal eater(occaisonally eats living things)=coyote,raven,turkey vulture |
| list some food webs | blueberry bush=bear algae=mosquito larva=sunfish=small mouth bass |
Created by:
raquel98
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