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Cells and Processes3

Chloride Secretion

QuestionAnswer
6 steps of chloride secretion 1 Tight junctions divide A and BL membrane domains 2Na+ set up gradient 3NaK2CL symporter uses Na+ energy to accumulate Cl- 4 Cl- leaves via passive diffusion 5 Na+ exits via Na+ pump, K+ via channel 6 Cl- accross mem. induces Na+ and H2O paracellula
Chloride secretion is a two stage process, name these steps: 1. Co-transporer located on basolateral membrane accumulates chloride above its electrochem eq. 2 This enables chloride to leave the cell via cl- channel (in apical) Na+ moves via paracellular- this preserves electronuetrality.
What is the rate limiting step? Cl- cannot leave the cell unless gate is open. Gate is strictly regulated thus limits the rate at which chloride is secreted
Cl- Channel is called: CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator)
Dysfunction of CFTR causes Cystic Fibrosis
Over stimulation of the CFTR causes Diarrhea
Secretory diarrhea is caused by: Over stimulation of secretory cells in the small intestine and colon
CF is inherited through Autosomal recessive ways
Children of two carriers have what chance of having CF? 1 in four
CF affects ____ in northan europe 1 in 2500, 1 in 25 are carriers
Most cases of mortality from CF is due to: respiratory failure
Mean age of death 29
CF affects the airways by: clogging and infection of bronchial passage
CF affects the pancreas by: preventing the delivery of digestive enzymes
CF affects the small intestine by: Obstruction of the gut by thick stool
CF affects the reproductive tract by: MALE: 95% infertile due to absence of fine ducts FEMALE: thick mucous blocks pathway of sperm to enter uterus
CF affects the skin by: malfunction of sweat glands this causes excessive salt (NaCl)- NB/ can be used to diagnose patient
CF affects liver by: plugging small bile ducts, impedes digestion and disrupts liver function
CF salty sweat formation: primary isotonic secretion of fluid by acinar cells, secondary re absorption of NaCl to produce hypo-tonic solution -FAILURE OF REABSORPTION PRODUCES SALTY SWEAT
CF Lung: defective CFTR prevents isotonic secretion and enhances Na+ absorption causing dry lung surface
Normal lung a balance between secretion of Cl- and absorption of Na+ allows lung surface to keep moist but avoids excessive fluid buildup
Dry lung due to CF causes thick mucous build up, bacteria proliferation, airways become plugged and begin to deteriorate
Created by: gwat059
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