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Ergonomic Principles
Body Mechanics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is body mechanics? | Coordinated efforts of musculoskeletal and nervous systems to maintain posture, balance and body alignment. Nurses use body mechanics every day as they provide care for clients. |
| What is body alignment? | Relationship of one body part to another body part along a horizontal or vertical line. Correct alignment reduces strain on musculoskeletal structures and maintains adequate muscle tone while contributing balance. |
| What is body balance? | Achieved when a relatively low center of gravity is balanced over a wide, stable base of support, and vertical line falls from the center of gravity through the base of support. Enhanced by posture. Position that puts the least strain on the muscles. |
| Coordinated body movement? | An object that is unbalanced has its center of gravity away from the midline and falls without support. Clients who fail to maintain coordinated body movement are unsteady and at risk for falling. |
| What is friction? | The effect of rubbing or the resistance that a moving body meets from the surface on which it moves. When moving clients it's important to reduce friction to reduce risk of skin shearing. |
| What is regulation of movement? | Includes movement of the skeletal, muscular and nervous system. |
| What is gait? | Manner of walking. |
| Bones perform what 5 functions in the body? | Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis. (blood cell formation). |
| What are the joints? | Connection between bones. |
| What are ligaments? | white, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that binds joints and connects bones and cartilage. They aid in joint flexibility and support. |
| What are tendons? | White, glistening, fibrous bands of tissue that connect muscle to bone. |
| What is cartilage? | Nonvascular, supporting connective tissue with the flexibility of a firm, plastic material. |
| What is Proprioception? | The awareness of the position of the body and its parts. |
| What is balance? | Controlled by the nervous system, including the cerebellum and the inner ear. |
| You are preparing to assist a client with moving up in bed. How would you utilize proper body mechanics in this situation? | Assess if help is needed. Tighten stomach muscles and tuck pelvis. Bend at knees to maintain center of gravity. Keep weight to be lifted as close to body as possible. Keep trunk erect and knees bent. Avoid twisting. |
Created by:
kristyb
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