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Leukoplakia
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Test 2-GI

Adult Health Ch. 5

QuestionAnswer
Leukoplakia White, firmly attached patch on the mouth or tongue mucosa; nonsloughing lesions
Lekoplakia occurs frequently in... Men 50-70 years old
Carcinoma of the esophagus Malignant epithelial neoplasm that has been diagnosed as a squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma of the esoophagus occur mostly... 55-70 years old
Most common symptom of carcinoma of the esophagus Progressive dysphagia
Esophagogastrectomy Resection of a lower esophageal section with a proximal portion of the stomach; anastomosis of remaining pats of the esophagus and stomach
Esophagogastrostomy Resection of a portion of the esophagus with anstomosis to the stomach
Esophagoenterostomy Resection of the esophagus and anastomosis to a portion of the colon
Gastrostomy Insertion of a catheter into the stomach and suture to the abdominal wall
Endoscopy Direct visualization of the upper GI tract by a long, fiberoptic flexible scope; can also remove polyps, coagulate sources of active bleeding and perform scleropathy
Endoscopy enables evaluation of... Esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Upper GI series Consists of a series of radiographs of the lower esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using barium sulfate as contrast
Upper GI patients Should be NPO after midnight before the study and should not smoke
Peptic Ulcers Ulcerations of the mucous membrane or deeper structures of the GI tract
Peptic ulcers result from Acid and pepsin imbalances
Stomach surface mucosa is renewed About every 3 days
Most common site of a gastric ulcer Distal half of the stomach
Carcinoma of the esophagus diagnostic test Barium swallow with fluoroscopy and endoscopy
Occult blood tests also called Guiac, hemoccult, hematest
Peptic ulcers most commonly occur In the stomach and duodenum
Common age for peptic ulcers Between 25 and 50
Achalasia Also called cardiospasm; abnormal condition with the inability of the cardiac sphincter to relax
Achalasia is more prevalent Between 20 and 50
Primary symptom of achalasia Dysphagia; patient has sensation of food sticking in the lower esophagus
Diagnostics of achalasia Radiography, manometry, and esophagoscopy
Bernstein test Esophageal funtion stuy
Bernstein test An acid-perfusion test to reproduce symptoms of esophageal reflux by instillation of hydrochloric acid into the esophagus
Bernstein test nursing interventions Avoid sedating patient, NPO for 8 hours and withhold medications that may interfere with acid production
Candidiasis Infection caused by candida
Candida Fungal organism present in the mucous membranes of the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina
Candidiasis also called Thrush or moniliasis
Candidiasis appears Bluish white "milk curd" membranous lesions on the mucous membranes of the mouth, tongue and larynx
Antacids Neutralize or reduce the acidity of stomach contents
Histamine receptor blockers Decrease acid secretions by blocking histamine receptors
Proton pump inhibitors Antisecretory agents that inhibit secretion of gastrin by parietal cells of the stomach
Mucosal healing agent Accelerates ulcer healing by forming an ulcer-adherant complex that covers the ulcer and protects it
Antisecretory and cytoprotective agent Inhibits acid secretion and protects gastric mucosa
Histamine receptor blockers usually end in... -dine
Proton pump inhibitors usually end in... -azole
Antisecretory agent Cytotec
Ulcerative colitis area of involvement Mucosa or submucosa of the colon
Ulcerative colitis characteristics of stools Blood present, no fat, 15-20 stools per day
GERD Backflow of stomach acid up into the esophagus
GERD thought to be caused When the LES is weakened or experiences prolonged relaxation
Pyrosis Heart burn
Odynophagia Painful swallowing
GERD diagnostic 24 hour pH monitoring using specially designed probes
GERD medications Anatacids, histamine receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors
Fundoplication Surgical procedure to strengthen the sphincter
The most common site for gastric ulcers Distal half of the stomach
Achalasia cardiospasm
Shock Tachycardia and hypotension
Created by: caysmommy03
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