Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
TL LDL/HDL drugs
Drugs for hyperlipidemia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name 3 bile acid sequestrants. | Colestipol (Colestid), Colesevelam (Welchol), Cholestryramine (Questran) |
| What are the indications for bile acid sequestrants? | Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia when diet fails |
| How do bile acid sequestrants work? | They are ion exchange resins. They trade anions for bile acids so that the bile acids are combined with the drug and excreted with feces. Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol so keeping them from being reabsorbed lowers cholesterol. |
| What are the adverse effects of bile sequestrants? | GI trouble – pain, NV, distention, gas, constipation; reduced absorption of fat soluble vitamins; reduced absorption of other oral medications |
| How should we teach the client to take powdered forms of bile sequestrants? Why? | In liquid or applesauce to prevent inhalation and esophageal distress |
| What lab value needs to be monitored when the patient is taking a bile sequestrant? | PTT |
| What are some possible complications the nurse should monitor for due to reduced fat soluble vitamin absorption with bile sequestrants? | visual changes and rickets |
| When should other medications be administered in relation to bile sequestrants? | 1 hour before or 6 hours after |
| Name 5 statins. | Atorvastatin (Lipitor), Fluvastatin (Lescol), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Simvastatin (Zocor), Lovastatin (Mevacor) |
| How do statins work to lower cholesterol? | They inhibit HMG-CoA which is an enzyme responsible for early synthesis of cholesterol. |
| What are the adverse effects of statins? | GI upset – Gas, cramps, constipation, diarrhea,heartburn; Rash; Rhabdomyolysis; Hypersensitivity reactions like angioneurotic edema; may elevate liver enzymes; Hepatitis or pancreatitis |
| What lab values need to be monitored for a client on statins? | liver enzymes (baseline and q 6 months), CPK levels |
| What does CPK level tell us about? | CPK is an enzyme found in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. Elevated level may indicate damage in these areas. |
| What does the client taking statins need to know about taking the drug? | Take as directed – no doubling up for missed doses; Report muscle tenderness/weakness; Avoid grapefruit juice |
| Name 3 Fibric Acid Derivatives. | Gemfibrate (Lopid), Fenofibrate (Tricor), Clofibrate (Claripex) |
| What are fibric acid derivatives used for? | with diet to lower cholesterol/triglycerides |
| How do fibric acid derivatives work? | They prevent the synthesis of triglycerides |
| What are the side effects of fibric acid derivatives? | GI upset – pain, diarrhea, gas, N/V, heartburn; Gallstones, weakness, fatigue, rhabdomyolysis, pulmonary embolism |
| What labs need to be monitored with fibric acid derivatives and at what frequency? | baseline and q 3-6 months: CBC, Liver Function, Electrolytes, CPK |
| What is the administration time for Lopid and Tricor in relation to meals? | Lopid 30 minutes before breakfast and dinner, Tricor with meals |
| What are the indications for Niacin and Nicotinic Acid? | decrease lipoprotein and triglyceride synthesis and increase HDL |
| What are the side effects of Niacin Nicotinic Acid? | Flushing, pruritis, HA, Orthostatic Hypotension, Hepatotoxicity (Extended release), Hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia, Upper GI distress |
| What instructions should the nurse give the client taking Niacin or Nicotinic Acid? | take with milk or food to avoid GI irritation; change position slowly; If taking ER form report dark urine, light stool, anorexia, severe stomach pain, or yellowing of eyes or skin |
Created by:
Perseverandovercome
Popular Nursing sets