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Stack #66226
skills- cardiac assessment
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Infarction | necrosis of heart muscle |
Ischemia | local and temporary lack of blood supply to heart |
Angina | Pain in neck, chest, or arm |
Systolic | pressure exerted on arterial walls when ventricles are contracting |
Diastolic | pressure exerted on arterial walls when ventricles are relaxes |
S-A node | pacemaker of heart |
A-V node | sends delayed impulse to ventricles to contract |
stenosis | narrowing or constriction of a diseased heart valve |
Regurgitation | backward flow of blood through a heart valve |
cardiomegaly | enlargement of heart |
hypertension | elevated BP |
Cardiac Landmarks | APE To Man |
Hypokinetic | decreased movement |
Hyperkinetic | increased movement |
Thrills | vibrations that feel similar to a purring cat |
Heaves | Lifts, lifting of cardiac area secondary to increased workloadand force of ventricular contractions |
Gallop | extra heart sound on S3 (tricuspid area) |
Bruit | a blowing sound heard when turbulent blood rushes past an obstruction |
Snap | early diastolic sound high pitched and abnormal |
crescendo | soft to loud murmur |
decrescendo | loud to soft murmur |
afterload | pressure overload due to stenosis |
preload | volume overload due to insufficient valves |
pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium |
orthostatic hypertension | change >20 when pt. changes postitions |
tilts | orthostatic vitals |
Homans sign | assess vein in leg for clots |
Pallor | lack of color |
7 Characteristics of a murmur | TLC Q RIP |
carotid | front side of neck |
Brachial | inner bend of elbow |
Radial | off thumb on inner wrist |
Ulnar | off pinky on inner wrist |
Femoral | inner leg/ groin |
Popliteal | behind knee |
Posterier tibial | inner ankle under bone |
Dorsalis Pedis | top of foot |
Apical | under heart, below nipple line |
Normal pulse grade | 2+ |
Absent pulse grade | 0 |
weak and thready pulse grade | 1+ |
Full pulse grade | 3+ |
Full and Bounding pulse grade | 4+ |
4 pulse characteristics | rate, rhythm, symmetry, amplitude |