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68wm6pre-op
nursing pre-op
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anesthesia | means the absence of feelings (pain), (an, meaning "without," and esthesia, meaning "awareness of feeling"). |
| Embolus | a thrombus that becomes dislodged and travels through the blood stream. |
| Infarct | localized area of necrosis caused by inadequate blood supply |
| Informed consent | permission obtained from the patient to perform a specific test or procedure. |
| Intraoperative | during surgery |
| Perioperative | a term used to describe the entire term of the surgery, including what occurs before, during and after the operation. |
| Preoperative | begins with the decision to perform surgery and continues until the client has reached the operating area. |
| Thrombus | an accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements of the blood attached to the anterior wall of the vessel |
| Preoperative Assessment | Client assessment varies depending on urgency of surgery Review preoperative instructions, diet restrictions and skin preparations If client has not followed instructions, notify physician immediately |
| When surgery is not urgent, a more thorough history and physical are performed | Assess physical needs Assess psychological needs Assess cultural needs |
| If client has not followed preop instructions what should you do? | Notify physician immediately |
| Patient teaching | Turning; Coughing; Deep breathing; Incentive spirometry; Leg exercises; Early ambulation; Pain management |
| When should a patient be instructed; before or after surgery? | Best time to instruct patients is relatively close to the time of surgery |
| Turning improves what? | venous return; respiratory function; gastrointestinal peristalsis |
| Instruct in proper technique for turning | Leg position; Use of side rails;Splinting;Frequency |
| Coughing exercises | Facilitates the removal of retained mucus from the respiratory tract;Usually is taught in conjunction with deep breathing |
| Deep breathing | Helps expand collapsed lungs and prevent postoperative pneumonia and atelectasis |
| Deep breathing | 5-10 times every hour during the postoperative period |
| Incentive spirometry | Incentive spirometry; 10 times during each waking hour for the first 5 days after surgery (except immediately before or after meals) |
| Incentive Spirometry | Sit upright with head of bed elevated 45 degrees;Instruct the patient to take 2-3 normal breaths and then insert the spirometer's mouthpiece Inhale through the mouth and hold their breath for 3-5 seconds |
| Incentive Spirometry | Exhale slowly and fully;10 times during each waking hour for the first 5 days after surgery (except immediately before or after meals) |
| Leg exercises | Helps prevent: circulatory problems, such as thrombophlebitis, "gas pains“ |
| Ambulation | Helps the patient breathe deeply Stimulates circulation Decreases Urine retention Decreases development of Constipation Abdominal distention Promotes appetite sleep Helps the patient feel less helpless |
| Pain management | Pain is a normal part of the surgical experience Area of major concern for the patient and family Ordered by the physician and administered by the nurse |
| Sequential Compression Devices (SCD) | Place sleeve under patient's leg with fuller portion at top Ensure there are no wrinkles or creases. Fold Velcro strips over to secure stockings Attach tubing to SCD after both sleeves are applied Assess client periodically |
| What are the step in preparing a patient for Surgery? | Surgical checklist;Assure completion of SF 522, Request for Administration of Anesthesia and for Performance of Operations and other Procedures |
| Gastrointestinal Preparation | At midnight before surgery, the client is placed on NPO status NPO sign placed over the client's bed All fluids removed from room A bowel cleanser may be ordered |
| Skin Preparation | A lower rate of infection occurs with no shave or just a clip as opposed complete hair removal |
| True or False A witness is attesting to patient's understanding of the surgical risks | False! The witness is witnessing the patient's signature |
| Before Surgery | Administer preoperative medication; Have patient void prior to preop medication being administered;Provide for patient's security Assist the OR tech to position patient on litter; “Sign out” patient in nurse's notes |
| What form should be completed for the Administration of Anesthesia and for performance of operations and other procedures? | SF 522 |
Created by:
ninja3lake
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