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What are the functions of the skin?
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What layer of skin shields underlying tissue?
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Adult Health Ch 39
Adult health questions ch 39
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the skin? | Protection, secretion, excretion, temperature regulation, and sensation |
| What layer of skin shields underlying tissue? | Epidermis |
| What layer of skin contains bundles of collagen, nerve fibers, blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles? | Dermis |
| What layer contains blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and loose connective tissue filled with fat cells? | Subcutaneous |
| What lines the oral cavity? | Mucous membrane |
| What color is oral mucosa? | light pink and moist |
| What impairs salivary secretion? | Medications, exposure to radiation, and mouth breathing |
| What indicates general health status of hair? | Growth, pattern, and distribution |
| What types of illnesses or changes affect the hair? | hormonal changes, physical stress, emotional stress, aging, infection, and other illnesses. |
| Hygiene care is routine. True or false? | False |
| What do you assess during hygiene? | Physical limitations, health promotion practices and needs, and emotional needs. |
| What are some common skin problems? | Dry skin, acne, skin rashes, contact dermatitis, and abrasion |
| What is dry skin and how do you prevent or care for it? | Flaky, rough texture on exposed areas; bathe less frequently, & rinse body of all soap(can cause irritation & breakdown), add moisture to air, use cream to aid healing. |
| What is acne and how do you prevent or care for it? | Inflammatory, papulopustular skin eruption, usually involving bacterial breakdown of sebum; wash hair and skin thoroughly daily, use cosmetics sparingly(accumulate in pores), implement diet, & use topical antibiotics |
| What are skin rashes and how do you prevent or care for them? | skin eruptions that result from overexposure to sun or moisture or from allergic reaction; wash area thoroughly, and apply antiseptic spray or lotion to prevent itching and aid in healing. warm or cold soaks to relieve inflammation |
| What is contact dermatitis and how do you prevent it? | inflammation of skin; avoid causative agents. |
| What are abrasions and how do you prevent or care for them? | scraping/rubbing away of epidermis that will result in localized bleeding & later weeping of serous fluid; be careful not to scratch client with jewelry or fngernails, wash abrasions with mild soap & water, & observe dressing/bandage for retained moisture |
| What are risk factors for skin impairment? | Immobilization, reduced sensation, nutrition and hydration alterations, secretions and excretions on the skin, vascular insufficiency, and external devices. |
| What are some common foot and nail problems? | callus, corns, plantar warts, athlete's foot, ingrown nails, and foot odors. |
| What are some hair and scalp problems? | Dandruff, ticks, pediculosis (lice), Pediculosis capitis (head lice), pediculosis corporis (body lice), pediculosis pubis (crab lice), hair loss(alopecia). |
| What are the two sweat glands that become fully functional during puberty? | Eccrine and apocrine |
| What elements that build toward making appropriate nursing diagnoses do you consider during assessment? | Knowledge, experience, standards, and attitudes. |
| What are risk factors for oral problems? | clients unable to use upper extremities(paralysis, weakness, restriction), dehydration, nasogastric or oxygen tubes, chemo drugs, lozenges, radiation therapy, oral surgery, immunosuppression, diabetes, & mechanical ventilation |
| What are risk factors for skin problems? | immobilization, reduced sensation, limited protein or caloric intake and reduced hydration, excessive secretions or excretions on the skin, presence of external devices, & vascular insufficiency |
| What are risk factors for foot problems? | client unable to bend over or has reduced visual acuity |
| What are risk factors for eye care problems? | Reduced dexterity and hand coordination. |
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