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TL ILD

Interstitial Lung Disease (Black Book)

QuestionAnswer
Define interstitial lung disease. a group of diffuse inflammatory lower respiratory tract disorders characterized by thickened and usually fibrotic interstitium of alveolar walls
What causes ILD? Cause is not clearly defined. Most commonly from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and collagen-vascular disorders; also from inhalation of inorganic dust like crystalline silica, asbestos, or coal dust
Why is it that ILD may not be diagnosed for years? the symptoms are insidious and nonspecific
What are the symptoms of ILD? fatigue, dyspnea, dyspnea at rest, nonproductive cough
What might the nurse find on assessment of the client with ILD? hx of exposure to offending agent, reduced chest expansion, decreased TLC, inspiratory and respiratory crackles that sound like opening Velcro, clubbing of finger may be present
What diagnostic test would be used to assess ILD? gallium ventilation perfusion scan, bonchscopy, biopsy
What findings are typical on a ventilation perfusion scan of the client with ILD? impaired perfusion in the lower lobes and multiple areas of impaired ventilation
How would the ventilation perfusion mismatch of a client with ILD affect their blood gases? hypoxemia and retained CO2
What is the treatment regimen for the client with ILD? avoid exposure to the offending agent if known, corticosteroids provide relief from inflammation, as the disorder progresses inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators help to mobilize secretions and provide O2 for exercise
Is ILD restrictive or obstructive? restrictive
What are restrictive disorders? disorders that limit lung expansion resulting in reduced TLC
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