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TL ILD
Interstitial Lung Disease (Black Book)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Define interstitial lung disease. | a group of diffuse inflammatory lower respiratory tract disorders characterized by thickened and usually fibrotic interstitium of alveolar walls |
What causes ILD? | Cause is not clearly defined. Most commonly from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and collagen-vascular disorders; also from inhalation of inorganic dust like crystalline silica, asbestos, or coal dust |
Why is it that ILD may not be diagnosed for years? | the symptoms are insidious and nonspecific |
What are the symptoms of ILD? | fatigue, dyspnea, dyspnea at rest, nonproductive cough |
What might the nurse find on assessment of the client with ILD? | hx of exposure to offending agent, reduced chest expansion, decreased TLC, inspiratory and respiratory crackles that sound like opening Velcro, clubbing of finger may be present |
What diagnostic test would be used to assess ILD? | gallium ventilation perfusion scan, bonchscopy, biopsy |
What findings are typical on a ventilation perfusion scan of the client with ILD? | impaired perfusion in the lower lobes and multiple areas of impaired ventilation |
How would the ventilation perfusion mismatch of a client with ILD affect their blood gases? | hypoxemia and retained CO2 |
What is the treatment regimen for the client with ILD? | avoid exposure to the offending agent if known, corticosteroids provide relief from inflammation, as the disorder progresses inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators help to mobilize secretions and provide O2 for exercise |
Is ILD restrictive or obstructive? | restrictive |
What are restrictive disorders? | disorders that limit lung expansion resulting in reduced TLC |