Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P 2 - E1 - P3
A&P 2 - Exam 1 - Part 3 - Physiology, Cardiovascular
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a vital role of the cardiovascular system? | maintaining homeostasis |
| The caridovascular's vital role of maintaining homeostasis depends on the continuous and controlled movement of _________________. | blood through capillaries |
| Numerous control mechanisms help to regulate and integrate the diverse functions and component parts of the ________________. | cardiovascular system |
| What is the function of the cardiovascular system? | to supply blood in response to specific body area needs |
| What is a a collection of mechanisms that influence the dynamic circulation of blood? | hemodynamics |
| The circulation of different ________________ is essential for healthy survival. | volumes of blood per minute |
| What two functions must circulation control mechanisms accomplish? | maintain circulation, vary volume and distribution of the blood circulated |
| What are the four structures that compose the conduction system of the heart? | sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers |
| Conduction system structures are more ________________ than ordinary cardiac muscle tissue. | highly specialized |
| Conduction system structures permit only rapid conduction of _____________ through the heart. | an action potential |
| What initializes each heart beat and sets it's pace? | sinoatrial node, aka the pacemaker |
| What do specialized pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node possess? | an intrinsic rhythm |
| After being generated by the SA node, each impulse travels throughout the muscle fibers of _____________ causing them to contract. | both atria |
| As the action potential enters the AV node from the right atrium, its conduction ________ to allow complete contraction of both atrial chambers before the impulse reaches the ______________. | slows, ventricles |
| After the AV node, conduction velocity _____________ as the impulse is relayed through the AV bundle into the ______________. | increases, ventricles |
| Right and left branches of the bundle fibers and Purkinje fibers conduct the impulses throughout the muscles of both _____________, stimulating them to contract ______________. | ventricles, almost simultaneously |
| What does ECG or EKG stand for? | electrocardiogram |
| What is a graphic record of the heart's electrical activity and it's conduction of impulses? | electrocardiogram |
| What is a record of the electrical events that precede the contractions of the heart? | electrocardiogram |
| What is attached to a subject to produce an ECG? | electrodes of an electrocardiograph |
| An ECG records _______________ that represent changes in the hearts electrical activity. | changes in voltage |
| A normal ECG is composed of what parts? | P wave, QRS complex, T wave (and sometimes a U wave) |
| What does the P wave represent? | the depolarization of the atria |
| What does the QRS complex represent? | the depolarization of the ventricles and the repolarization of atria |
| What does the T wave represent? | the repolarization of the ventricles |
| What does the U wave represent? | the repolarization of the papillary muscles |
| Measurement of the intervals between P, QRS, and T waves can provide information about the _____________ of an ____________ through the heart | rate of conduction, action potential |
| The _____________ is a complete heartbeat consisting of what contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of both atria and both ventricles. | cardiac cycle |
| What is contraction in the cardiac cycle? | systole |
| What is relaxation in the cardiac cycle? | diastole |
| The cardiac cycle is often divided into ________________. | time intervals |
| During ______________ the contraction of atria completes, emptying blood out of the atria into the ventricles. | atrial systole |
| During atrial systole, __________ are open and ____________ are closed. | atrioventricular valves, semilunar valves |
| During atrial systole, ___________ are relaxed and filling with blood. | ventricles |
| What cycle begins with the P wave of the ECG? | atrial systole |
| What occurs between the start of ventricular systole and the opening of the semilunar valves? | isovolumetric ventricular contraction |
| During isovolumetric ventricular contraction, ventricular volume ______________ as the pressure increases rapidly. | remains constant |
| The onset of ventricular systole coincides with the __________ of the ECG and the appearance of the first _____________. | R wave, heart sound |
| During ejection, ____________ open and blood is ejected from the heart when the pressure gradient in the ventricles exceeds that of the _________________. | semilunar valves, pumonary artery and aorta |
| What initial short phase is characterized by a marked increase in ventricular and aortic pressure and in aortic blow flow? | rapid ejection |
| What phase is characterized by a less abrupt decrease in ventricular volume? | reduced ejection |
| The reduced ejection phase coincides with what? | T wave |
| Ventricular diastole begins with what phase? | isovolumetric ventricular relaxation |
| Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation occurs between _____________ and _____________. | closure of semilunar valve, opening of atrioventricular valves |
| During isovolumetric ventricular relaxation there is a _____________ in interventricular pressure and _____________ in volume. | dramatic fall, no change |
| The second heart sound is heard during what period? | isovolumetric ventricular relaxation |
| During isovolumetric ventricular relaxation, what heart sound is heard? | second |
| During passive ventricular filling, returning venous blood increases intra-atrial pressure until the ____________ are forced open and blood rushes into the relaxing ___________. | atrioventricular valves, ventricles |
| During passive ventricular filling, influx lasts approximately ___________. | 0.1 second |
| During passive ventricular filling, _________ results in a dramatic increase in ventricular volume. | influx |
| During passive ventricular filling, diastasis lasts approximately ___________. | 0.2 second |
| During passive ventricular filling, ___________ is a later, longer period of slow ventricular filling at the end of ventricular diastole. | diastasis |
| During passive ventricular filling, _____________ is characterized by a gradual increase in ventricular pressure and volume. | diastasis |
| The systolic sound is the ________ heart sound, believed to be caused primarily by the contraction of the _____________ and by vibrations of the closing ______________. | first, ventricles, atrioventricular valves |
| The diastolic sound is a short, sharp sound thought to be caused by vibrations of the closing of the _____________. | semilunar valves |
| Heart sounds have clinical significance because they give information about the functioning of the ____________ of the heart. | valves |
Created by:
K1N1V
Popular Physiology sets