A&P 2 - Exam 1 - Part 3 - Physiology, Cardiovascular
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| What is a vital role of the cardiovascular system? | show 🗑
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| The caridovascular's vital role of maintaining homeostasis depends on the continuous and controlled movement of _________________. | show 🗑
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| show | cardiovascular system
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| show | to supply blood in response to specific body area needs
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| show | hemodynamics
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| The circulation of different ________________ is essential for healthy survival. | show 🗑
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| What two functions must circulation control mechanisms accomplish? | show 🗑
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| show | sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers
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| show | highly specialized
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| show | an action potential
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| show | sinoatrial node, aka the pacemaker
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| What do specialized pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node possess? | show 🗑
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| show | both atria
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| show | slows, ventricles
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| show | increases, ventricles
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| Right and left branches of the bundle fibers and Purkinje fibers conduct the impulses throughout the muscles of both _____________, stimulating them to contract ______________. | show 🗑
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| show | electrocardiogram
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| show | electrocardiogram
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| What is a record of the electrical events that precede the contractions of the heart? | show 🗑
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| show | electrodes of an electrocardiograph
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| An ECG records _______________ that represent changes in the hearts electrical activity. | show 🗑
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| A normal ECG is composed of what parts? | show 🗑
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| show | the depolarization of the atria
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| show | the depolarization of the ventricles and the repolarization of atria
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| What does the T wave represent? | show 🗑
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| show | the repolarization of the papillary muscles
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| Measurement of the intervals between P, QRS, and T waves can provide information about the _____________ of an ____________ through the heart | show 🗑
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| The _____________ is a complete heartbeat consisting of what contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of both atria and both ventricles. | show 🗑
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| show | systole
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| show | diastole
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| The cardiac cycle is often divided into ________________. | show 🗑
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| During ______________ the contraction of atria completes, emptying blood out of the atria into the ventricles. | show 🗑
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| show | atrioventricular valves, semilunar valves
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| show | ventricles
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| What cycle begins with the P wave of the ECG? | show 🗑
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| What occurs between the start of ventricular systole and the opening of the semilunar valves? | show 🗑
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| show | remains constant
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| The onset of ventricular systole coincides with the __________ of the ECG and the appearance of the first _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | semilunar valves, pumonary artery and aorta
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| What initial short phase is characterized by a marked increase in ventricular and aortic pressure and in aortic blow flow? | show 🗑
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| What phase is characterized by a less abrupt decrease in ventricular volume? | show 🗑
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| The reduced ejection phase coincides with what? | show 🗑
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| show | isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
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| show | closure of semilunar valve, opening of atrioventricular valves
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| show | dramatic fall, no change
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| The second heart sound is heard during what period? | show 🗑
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| During isovolumetric ventricular relaxation, what heart sound is heard? | show 🗑
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| During passive ventricular filling, returning venous blood increases intra-atrial pressure until the ____________ are forced open and blood rushes into the relaxing ___________. | show 🗑
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| During passive ventricular filling, influx lasts approximately ___________. | show 🗑
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| During passive ventricular filling, _________ results in a dramatic increase in ventricular volume. | show 🗑
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| show | 0.2 second
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| show | diastasis
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| During passive ventricular filling, _____________ is characterized by a gradual increase in ventricular pressure and volume. | show 🗑
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| The systolic sound is the ________ heart sound, believed to be caused primarily by the contraction of the _____________ and by vibrations of the closing ______________. | show 🗑
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| show | semilunar valves
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| Heart sounds have clinical significance because they give information about the functioning of the ____________ of the heart. | show 🗑
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