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GRCC Bi 121 Lab 1.2
GRCC BI 121 - Cell structure & mitosis Lab test 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Nucleus | Contains nucleolus and chromatin |
Chromatin | Loosely coiled fibers of DNA molecules that are wrapped around proteins (histones)to form a beaded strand |
Chromosome | Chromatin material that is organized and compacted to form this rodlike structure. |
chromatin | colored substance |
chromosome | colored body |
When are Chromosomes formed? | When cell division begins. |
Cell | Structual & functional units of an organism |
Basic living unit of an organization | Cell |
Cell theory | All organisms are composed of one or more cells |
Cells arise from pre-existing cells | Cell theory |
Cell Membrane | Lipid Bi-layer that is the boundary between the external and internal environment and controls what goes in and out. |
Selective permeable membrane | Cell membrane that controls what goes in and out of the cell. |
Cell membrane composed of | Lipid bi-layer, proteins and some carbohydrates. |
Cytoplasm | Jelly like substance that suspends the organelles |
Nucleoli | Parts/structure of RNA; plural for nucleolus |
Microvilli | Protrusions outside of cell membrane that help with absorption and secretion. |
Cilia | Hair like structure beneath cell membrane and propel and move things along |
Flagellum | Is usually single strand, think sperm that helps cell move and propel. |
Organelle | Little organs, where each unit specializes to help a cell function. |
ribosome | provide structural support and ezymatic activity that links amino acids (protein synthesis), located on rough ER |
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Located outside of nucleus and throughout cytoplasm with ribosomes attached. |
Tubular transport system for molecules throughout the cell | endoplasmic retitculum |
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum | absorbs fats from the digestive tract and are added to the protein that came from the rough ER |
Golgi appartus | manufacture warehouse; recieves protein and other materials from ER, packages and transports to organelles or to cell membrane. |
Lysosome | Garbage disposal: degradation, recycle of materials, removal of bacteria and worn cells |
Peroxisome | Catalyze reactions & removes hydrogen peroxide. |
Mitochondria | Extracts energy from CHO and forms ATP; powerhouse of the cell. |
centriole | tube like structures (microtubules)that form centrosome; during cell division, each tube migrates to either side of cell forming spindle fibers. |
Microtubules | Forms ctyoskeleton and is where organelles & chromosomes are anchored; helps move substances |
Forms ctyoskeleton and is where organelles & chromosomes are anchored; helps move substances | Microfilament |