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History - Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was the ruler of Castile, the province that provided the basis of the Spanish language, in the 1400s? | Isabella |
| The first two national monarchies facing out onto the Atlantic Ocean so that they could use a WATER route to the riches of the east were? | Spain, Portugal |
| The Battle of Granada in Spain in 1492 was significant because it meant the possibility of exploration & discovery after the defeat of? | The Moors |
| The name AMERICA was due to the sailor who accompanied Columbus and was named? | Amerigo Vespucci |
| The first areas of Spanish settlement from 1492 until 1535 in the Caribbean were: | Bahamas, Cuba |
| The German Augustinian monk who challenged certain practices of the Roman Catholic Church on 31 October 1517 was? | Martin Luther |
| ONE reason that the German princes & kings were anxious to sever their ties with Rome in the 16th century was the possibility of what in regard to church property? | they could get control over it |
| The famous religious reformer at Geneva, Switzerland in the 1540s where he developed the idea of PREDESTINATION was? | John Calvin |
| Those who wanted to "purify" the Church of England in the 17th century were Calvinists generally referred to as? | Puritans |
| The "Defender of the Catholic Faith" in England and king who wanted a MALE heir to the throne in 1535 was? | Henry VIII |
| The English monarch who in 155Os came to the throne & who HAD to be a Protestant but who created a COMPROMISE religious position was? | Elizabeth I |
| The English Puritans in 1629 were especially upset with this "wisest fool in Christendom" who was? | James I |
| The chief lay leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony was? | John Winthrop |
| The attitude of the Puritans in Massachusetts toward others of differing religious faiths was what? | intolerance |
| In villages of 50 families the Puritans expected the locals to do what in relation to education? | establish a school and a school master |
| Democracy was the result of what in New England? | accident |
| The name of the legislative assembly in Boston was? | General Court |
| After several generations, the settlement in Massachusetts became, in regard to religion? | somewhat tolerant |
| In Virginia the chief political unit was? | the county |
| In Virginia the name of the legislative assembly was? | House of Burgesses |
| Society in the south, unlike that of the north, was, in regard to education and urbanism what? | no literacy, no towns |
| Blacks became slaves by the end of the 17th century probably due to what cause? | need for a large unskilled work force that was easily identifiable |
| The author of DE PRINCIPIA which suggested that physical phenomena could be described mathematically was? | Issac Newton |
| The author of AN ESSAY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING that said humans became what they were due to the environment was? | John Locke |
| The immediate reason the Parliament removed James II in 1688 was fear that he or his successor might do what? | turn over monastic land to the catholics |
| The author of THE SECOND TREATISE ON CIVIL GOVERNMENT which said that subjects had the RIGHT TO REVOLUTION in 1688 was? | John Locke |
| During the major continental wars from 1689‑1763 the Americans engaged in trade that was where? | with the french |
| The most significant of the major wars from 1689‑1763 was the last one that started in America & was known as? | French and Indian War |
| The FIRST true PRIME MINISTER who led England to a great victory in 1763 was? | William Pitt the Elder |
| The British general who concocted a strategy to defeat the French in Canada in 1759 was who? | James Wolfe |
| In the TREATY OF PARIS OF 1763 the British got what? | Canada (Quebec) and Florida |
| In 1763 the settlers poured over the Appalachians into the OHIO Territory thus causing an Indian uprising, so the British then issued the what? | PROCLAMATION of 1763 |
| Who chose the British king in 1715 after the death of Queen Anne who had no progeny but a Catholic heir? | Parliament |
| What German principality was the source of the British monarchy in 1715? | Hanover |
| What was the basis of the British government in the period from 1715 to 1776? | oligarchy |
| What was the name given the shifting political groups that dominated the British government scene from 1715 through the American revolutionary experience? | factions |
| What was the purpose of the committee of Parliament created in 1763 after the French and Indian War and after the Indian uprising in the Ohio Territory? | to decide what to do with Canada (Quebec) |
| In the Sugar & Navigation Acts of Lord Grenville in 1765 those who violated the Sugar Acts could be tried in what kinds of courts? | Admiralty Courts |
| The complaint against the use of military law in 1765 onward was that it violated an Englishman's right to what? | trial by jury of one's peers, assumption of innocence |
| The STAMP ACT was opposed in 1765 at the Stamp Act Congress because it was seen as what kind of tax? | indirect, external |
| What TWO kinds of taxes did Americans see? | direct and indirect, internal and external |
| What did the Stamp Act Congress do in 1765? | instituted a boycott of British goods |
| Who enforced the economic action taken by the Stamp Act Congress in 1765? | Sons of Liberty |
| Were the stamps of the Stamp Act ever actually sold in the colonies? | No (repealed) |
| In 1766 the Parliament repealed what part of the GRENVILLE MEASURES? | stamp act only |
| What was the legislation passed by Parliament in 1766 declaring the right of Parliament to legislate for the colonies in all matters? | The Declaratory Act |
| In 1767 Lord Townshend suggested the taxing of what items? | imports (paint, paper, glass, lead, tea) |
| How did Americans react to the new Townshend Measures of 1767? | peaceful, but some grumbling |
| What happened to the other pieces of British legislation after repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766? | they continued |
| What did the British government promise to the customs collection agents from 1767 onward? | a share of the value of the ships caught in violation |
| The "Boston Massacre" of 1770 was a conflict between a local mob & the British troops at the Customs Collection House over the issue of what? | Admiralty Courts |
| In 1770 the British Parliament repealed which of the Townshend Measures? | all except tea |
| Why did Americans think the British repealed the Townshend Measures in 177O? | in response to the Boston Massacre |
| What was the REAL reason the British repealed the Townshend Measures except the one on TEA? | to keep from encouraging competition of manufacture of those good |
| In 1770‑1773 the colonies seemed unable to cooperate with one another & in North Carolina a rebellion of back country people arose called what? | Battle of Alamance |
| The rebellion in North Carolina in 1771 was preceded in 1676 in Virginia by another revolt called: | Bacon Rebellion |
| The leader of the SONS OF LIBERTY who in December 1773 tossed bales of tea into Boston harbor was? | Samuel Adams |
| The name of the British Parliament's legislation that ended the Massachusetts assembly & closed the harbor was? | Coercive Acts |
| The name of the British Parliament's legislation that extended the boundaries of Quebec or Canada to the Ohio River was? | Quebec Acts |
| The name Americans gave to the COMBINATION of acts that closed Boston's harbor and extended the boundaries of Quebec to the Ohio was: | The Intolerable Acts |
| The FIRST Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in September 1774 to discuss what? | The Intolerable Acts |
| The ACTION taken at the First Continental Congress in 1774 was what? | reinstate a boycott of British goods |
| The piece of legislation that convinced the Virginians & many other colonies that the British were tyrannical in 1774 was what? | Quebec Acts |
| The first shooting conflict between the English & Americans was in the vicinity of Boston on 19 April 1775 at? | The Battle of Bunker Hill |
| The Battle of Bunker Hill was in fact fought where? | near Breed's Hill |
| The SECOND Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775 & did WHAT in relation to King George III? | prayed for his health and safety |
| The author of COMMON SENSE a pamphlet that shook the foundations of the monarchy & led many to cut the tie with the crown was? | Tom Paine |
| The author of a resolution in the Second Continental Congress in the spring of 1776 declaring that "...these united colonies should & of right ought to be free and independent states..." was: | Richard Henry Lee |
| The members of the committee appointed in June 1776 to explain to a "candid" world why the Americans sought to separate from the crown were: | Jefferson, Adams, Franklin |
| The author of the DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE was? | Thomas Jefferson |
| The third paragraph of the DECLARATION blamed whom for all of the troubles the colonies had suffered since 1765? | British |
| If you were a slave, an Anglican, a Methodist or a person in the backcountry in 1776, what side would you most likely fight on? | British |
| The name of the battle in October 1777 that convinced the French that the Americans might could win against the British was: | Battle of Saratoga |
| The Franco-American Alliance came into existence in: | February 1778 |
| The last battle of the Revolutionary War was fought in October 1781 at Yorktown and ended with the surrender of the British commander: | Cornwallis |
| The name of the Treaty that ended the Revolution in 1783 was: | Treaty of Paris, 1783 |
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