Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
postpartum
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Afterpains | Cramping pain after childbirth, caused by alternating relaxation and contraction of uterine muscles. |
| Atony | Absence or lack of usual muscle tone. |
| Attachment | Development of strong affectional ties as a result of interaction between an infant and a significant other. |
| Bonding | Development of a strong emotional tie of a parent to a newborn. Also called claiming or binding in. |
| Catabolism | A process that converts living cells into simpler compounds. Involved in involution (normal changes) of the uterus after childbirth. |
| Decidua | The endometrium during pregnancy. All except the deepest layer is shed after childbirth. |
| Diastasis recti | Separation of the longitudinal muscles of the abdomen (rectus abdominis) during pregnancy. |
| Dyspareunia | Difficult or painful coitus in women. |
| En face | Position that allows eye-to-eye contact between the newborn and a parent. |
| Engorgement | Swelling of the breasts resulting from increased blood flow, edema, and the presence of milk. |
| Engrossment | Intense fascination and close face-to-face observation between father and newborn. |
| Entrainment | Newborn movement in rhythm with adult speech, particularly high-pitched tones, which are more easily heard. |
| Episiotomy | Surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening. |
| Fingertipping | First tactile (touch) experience between mother and newborn. The mother explores the infant's body with her fingertips only. |
| Fourth trimester | First 12 weeks after birth, a time of transition for parents and siblings. |
| Fundus | Part of the uterus that is farthest from the cervix, above the openings of the fallopian tubes. |
| Involution | Retrogressive changes that return the reproductive organs, particularly the uterus, to their nonpregnant size and condition. |
| Kegel exercises | Alternate contracting and relaxing of the pelvic floor muscles to strengthen them. |
| Lactation | Secretion of milk from the breasts. Also describes the period of time of breastfeeding. |
| Letting-go | A phase of maternal adaptation that involves relinquishing previous roles and assuming a new role as a parent. |
| Lochia alba | White, cream-colored, or light yellow vaginal discharge that follows lochia serosa. |
| Lochia rubra | Red vaginal discharge that occurs immediately after childbirth; composed mostly of blood. |
| Lochia serosa | Pink or brown-tinged vaginal discharge that follows lochia rubra; composed largely of serous exudate, blood, and leukocytes. |
| Milk-ejection reflex | Release of milk from the alveoli into the ducts. Also called the letdown reflex. |
| Oxytocin | Posterior pituitary hormone that stimulates uterine contractions and the milk-ejection reflex. Also prepared synthetically. |
| Postpartum blues | Temporary, self-limited period of weepiness experienced by many new others beginning in the 1st week after childbirth. |
| Prolactin | Anterior pituitary hormone that promotes growth of breast tissue and stimulates production of milk. |
| Puerperium | Period from the end of childbirth until involution of the reproductive organs is complete, approximately 6 weeks. |
| Reciprocal bonding behaviors | Repertoire of infant behaviors that promotes attachment between parent and newborn. |
| REEDA | Acronym for redness, ecchymosis, edema, discharge, and approximation. Useful for assessing wound healing or the presence of inflammation or infection. |
| Sibling rivalry | Feelings of jealousy and fear of replacement when a young child must share parental attention with a newborn infant. |
| Subinvolution | Delayed return of the uterus to its nonpregnant size and consistency. |
| Taking-hold | Second phase of maternal adaptation, during which the mother assumes control of her own care and initiates care of the infant. |
| Taking-in | First phase of maternal adaptation, during which the mother passively accepts care and comfort and details about the newborn. |
| Acrocyanosis | Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet caused by reduced peripheral circulation. |
| Asphyxia | Insufficient oxygen and excess carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues. |
| Bilirubin | Unusable component of hemolyzed (broken down) erythrocytes. |
| Brown fat (or brown adipose tissue) | Highly vascular specialized fat found in the newborn that provides more heat than other fat when metabolized. |
| Café au lait spots | Light brown birthmarks. |
| Caput succedaneum | Area of edema over the presenting part of the fetus or newborn, resulting from pressure against the cervix. Often called simply "caput." |
| Cephalhematoma | Bleeding between the periosteum and skull from pressure during birth; does not cross suture lines. |
| Choanal atresia | Abnormality of the nasal septum that obstructs one or both nasal passages. |
| Chordee | Ventral curvature of the penis. |
| Craniosynostosis | Premature closure of the sutures of the infant's head. |
| Cryptorchidism | Failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. |
| Epispadias | Abnormal placement of the urinary meatus on the dorsal side of the penis. |
| Erythema toxicum | Benign rash of unknown cause in newborns, with blotchy red areas that may have white or yellow papules or vesicles in the center. |
| Fetal lung fluid | Fluid that fills the fetal lungs, expanding the alveoli and promoting lung development. |
| First period of reactivity | Period beginning at birth in which newborns are active and alert. It ends when the infant first falls asleep. |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | Excessive amount of bilirubin in the blood. |
| Hypospadias | Abnormal placement of the urinary meatus on the ventral side of the penis. |
| Jaundice | Yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood; also called icterus. |
| Lanugo | Fine, soft hair covering the fetus. |
| Milia | White cysts, 1 to 2 mm in size, from distended sebaceous glands. |
| Molding | Shaping of the fetal head during movement through the birth canal. |
| Mongolian spots | Bruiselike marks that occur mostly in newborns with dark skin tones. |
| Neutral thermal environment | Environment in which body temperature is maintained without an increase in metabolic rate or oxygen use. |
| Nevus simplex (salmon patch | stork bites, telangiectatic nevi), Flat, pink areas on the nape of the neck, forehead, or eyelids resulting from dilation of the capillaries. |
| Nevus flammeus | Permanent purple birthmark; also called portwine stain. |
| Nevus vasculosus | Rough, red collection of capillaries with a raised surface that disappears with time. Also called strawberry hemangioma. |
| Nonshivering thermogenesis | Process of heat production, without shivering, by oxidation of brown fat. |
| Periodic breathing | Cessation of breathing lasting 5 to 10 seconds followed by 10 to 15 seconds of rapid respirations without changes in color or heart rate. |
| Point of maximum impulse | Area of the chest in which the heart sounds are loudest when auscultated. |
| Polycythemia | Abnormally high number of erythrocytes. |
| Polydactyly | More than 10 digits on the hands or feet. |
| Pseudomenstruation | Vaginal bleeding in the newborn, resulting from withdrawal of placental hormones. |
| Second period of reactivity | Period after the first sleep following birth when the newborn may have an elevated pulse and respiratory rate and excessive mucus. |
| Strabismus | A turning inward ("crossing") or outward of the eyes caused by poor tone in the muscles that control eye movement. |
| Surfactant | Combination of lipoproteins produced by the lungs of the mature fetus to reduce surface tension in the alveoli, thus promoting lung expansion after birth. |
| Syndactyly | Webbing between fingers or toes. |
| Tachypnea | Respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute in the newborn after the first hour of life. |
| Thermogenesis | Heat production. |
| Thermoregulation | Maintenance of body temperature. |
| Vernix caseosa | Thick, white substance that protec |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | Excessive amount of bilirubin in the blood. |
| Jaundice | Yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood. |
| Ophthalmia neonatorum | Severe conjunctivitis in the newborn often caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia infection in the mother. May cause blindness. |
| Plagiocephaly | Flattening or asymmetry of the head |
| Prepuce | Fold of skin covering the glans penis; foreskin; may be removed by circumcision. |
| Thermoregulation | Maintenance of body temperature. |
| Colostrum | Breast fluid secreted during pregnancy and the first 7 to 10 days after childbirth. |
| Engorgement | Swelling of the breasts that occurs when milk begins to be produced. |
| Foremilk | First breast milk received in a feeding. |
| Hindmilk | Breast milk received near the end of a feeding; contains higher fat content than foremilk. |
| Latch-on | Attachment of the infant to the breast. |
| Let-down reflex | See milk-ejection reflex. |
| Mastitis | Inflammation of the breast, usually caused by engorgement with stasis of milk in the ducts or by infection. |
| Mature milk | Breast milk that appears after the first 2 weeks of lactation. |
| Milk-ejection reflex | Release of milk from the alveoli into the ducts; also known as the let-down reflex. |
| Nonnutritive sucking | Sucking during which little or no milk flow is obtained or with an object such as a pacifier or finger. |
| Nutritive suckling or sucking | Steady, rhythmic suckling at the breast or sucking at a bottle to obtain milk. |
| Oxytocin | Hormone produced by the posterior pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions and the milk-ejection reflex; also prepared synthetically. |
| Prolactin | Anterior pituitary hormone that promotes growth of breast tissue and stimulates production of milk. |
| Suckling | Giving or taking nourishment from the breast. Sometimes used interchangeably with sucking, which refers to drawing into the mouth with a partial vacuum, as with a bottle or pacifier. |
| Transitional milk | Breast milk that appears between secretion of colostrum and mature milk. |
| Abstinence syndrome | A group of symptoms that occurs when a person who is dependent on a specific drug withdraws or abstains from taking that drug. |
| Alcoholism | A chronic, progressive, and potentially fatal disease characterized by tolerance for and physical dependency on alcohol, by pathologic organ changes resulting from alcohol abuse, or both. |
| Amphetamines | Central nervous system stimulants that create a perception of pleasure unrelated to external stimuli. |
| Chemical dependence | Physical and psychological dependence on a substance such as alcohol, tobacco, or drugs, either legal or illicit. |
| Crack | A highly addictive form of cocaine that has been processed to be smoked. |
| Egocentrism | Interest centered on the self rather than the needs of others. |
| Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders | All disorders resulting from maternal uses of alcohol during pregnancy; includes fetal alcohol syndrome. |
| Fetal alcohol syndrome | A group of physical, behavioral, and mental abnormalities that are the most severe effects of fetal alcohol exposure. |
| Methadone | A synthetic compound with opiate properties used as an oral substitute for heroin and morphine in the opiatedependent person. |
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | A cluster of physical signs exhibited by the newborn exposed in utero to maternal use of substances such as heroin. See also Abstinence syndrome. |
| Opiate | Any narcotic containing opium or a derivative of opium. |
| Withdrawal syndrome | See Abstinence syndrome. A group of symptoms that occurs when a person who is dependent on a specific drug withdraws or abstains from taking that drug. |
| Atony | Absence or lack of usual muscle tone. |
| Dilation and curettage (D&C) | Stretching of the cervical os to permit suctioning or scraping of the walls of the uterus. The procedure is performed to obtain samples of uterine lining tissue for laboratory examination, during the postpartum period to remove retained placental fragment |
| Embolus | A mass that may be composed of a thrombus (blood clot) or amniotic fluid released into the bloodstream to cause obstruction of pulmonary vessels. |
| Hematoma | Localized collection of blood in a space or tissue. |
| Hydramnios | Excess volume of amniotic fluid (more than 2000 ml at term). Also called polyhydramnios. |
| Hypovolemia | Abnormally decreased volume of circulating fluid in the body. |
| Hypovolemic shock | Acute peripheral circulatory failure caused by loss of circulating blood volume. |
| Mastitis | Infection of the breast. |
| Metritis | Infection of the decidua, myometrium, and parametrial tissues of the uterus. |
| Placenta accreta | Placenta that is abnormally adherent to the uterine wall. If the condition is more advanced, it is called placenta increta (the placenta extends into the uterine muscle) or placenta percreta (the placenta extends through the uterine muscle). |
| Psychosis | Mental state in which a person's ability to recognize reality, communicate, and relate to others is impaired. |
| Subinvolution | Slower than expected return of the uterus to its nonpregnancy size after childbirth. |
| Thrombus | Collection of blood factors, primarily platelets and fibrin, that may cause vascular obstruction. |
| Apneic spells | Cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds, or accompanied by cyanosis or bradycardia. |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | Chronic pulmonary condition in which damage to the infant's lungs requires prolonged dependence on supplemental oxygen. Also called chronic lung disease. |
| Compliance | Stretchability or elasticity of the lungs and thorax that allows distention without resistance during respirations. |
| Containment | A method of increasing comfort in infants by swaddling or other methods to keep the extremities in a flexed position near the body. |
| Corrected gestational age | Gestational age that a preterm infant would be if still in utero. May also be called developmental age. |
| Enteral feeding | Nutrients supplied to the gastrointestinal tract orally or by feeding tube. |
| Extremely low-birth-weight infant | An infant weighing 1000 g (2 lb, 3 oz) or less at birth. |
| Intrauterine growth restriction | Failure of a fetus to grow as expected for gestational age. |
| Large-for-gestational-age infant | An infant whose size is above the 90th percentile for gestational age. |
| Low-birth-weight infant | Infant whose weight is less than 2500 g (5 lb, 8 oz) at birth. |
| Macrosomia | Infant birth weight above the 90th percentile for gestational age. Some sources use weight more than 4000 g (8 lb, 13 oz) or 4500 g (9 lb, 15 oz). |
| Minimal enteral nutrition | Very small feedings designed to help the gastrointestinal tract mature. Also called trophic feedings. |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | Serious inflammatory condition of the intestines. |
| Noncompliance | Resistance of the lungs and thorax to distention with air during respirations. |
| Parenteral nutrition | Intravenous infusion of all nutrients known to be needed for metabolism and growth. |
| Periodic breathing | Cessation of breathing lasting 5 to 10 seconds followed by 10 to 15 seconds of rapid respirations without changes in color or heart rate. |
| Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage | Bleeding around and into the ventricles of the brain. |
| Postmaturity syndrome | Condition in which a postterm infant shows characteristics indicative of poor placental functioning before birth. Also called dysmaturity syndrome. |
| Postterm infant | An infant born after 42 weeks of gestation. |
| Preterm infant | An infant born before the beginning of the 38th week of gestation. Also called premature infant. |
| Pulse oximetry | Method of determining the level of blood oxygen saturation by sensors attached to the skin. |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | Condition caused by insufficient production of surfactant in the lungs; results in atelectasis, hypoxia, and hypercapnia (increased CO2). |
| Retinopathy of prematurity | Condition in which damage to blood vessels in the retina may cause decreased vision or blindness. |
| Small-for-gestational-age infant | An infant whose size is below the 10th percentile for gestational age. |
| Transcutaneous oxygen monitoring | Method of continuous noninvasive measurement of oxygen in the blood by transducers attached to the skin. |
| Very-low-birth-weight infant | An infant weighing 1500 g (3 lb, 5 oz) or less at birth. |
| Acute bilirubin encephalopathy | Acute manifestation of bilirubin toxicity occurring in the first weeks after birth. |
| Asphyxia | Insufficient oxygen and excess carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues. |
| Erythroblastosis fetalis | Agglutination and hemolysis of fetal erythrocytes caused by incompatibility between the maternal and fetal blood types such as when the fetus is Rh-positive and the mother is Rh-negative. |
| Hydrops fetalis | Heart failure and generalized edema in the fetus secondary to severe anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes. |
| Kernicterus | The chronic and permanent result of bilirubin toxicity. |
| Meconium aspiration syndrome | Obstruction and air trapping caused by meconium in the infant's lungs, which may cause severe respiratory distress. |
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | A cluster of physical signs exhibited by the newborn exposed in utero to maternal use of substances such as heroin. |
| Persistent pulmonary hypertension | Vasoconstriction of the infant's pulmonary vessels after birth; may result in right-to-left shunting of blood flow through the ductus arteriosus, the foramen ovale, or both. |
Created by:
SGT.MOSS
Popular Nursing sets