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ch 29 compromised pt
the medically and physically compromised pt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a form of progressive mental deterioration that occurs in middle to older age | alzheimer's disease |
| a shortage of red cells or hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in paleness and weakness | anemia |
| severe chest pain associated with an insufficient supply of blood to the heart | angina |
| inflammation of a joint or many joints, resulting in pain and swelling | arthritis |
| respiratory disease often associated with allergies and characterized by sudden recurring attacks of labored breathing, chest constriction and coughing | asthma |
| a wasting away or deterioration | atrophy |
| presence of bacteria in the blood | bacteremia |
| inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchial tubes | bronchitis |
| flexible tube inserted into a body opening | cannula |
| a mental disorder characterized by loss of memory, concentration, and judgement | dementia |
| metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose and insufficient insulin | diabetes mellitus |
| abnormal increase in the size of the air spaces in the lungs, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection | emphysema |
| inflammation of the endocardium | endocarditis |
| neurologic disorder with sudden recurring seizures of motor, sensory or physchic malfunction | epilepsy |
| blood coagulation disorder in which the blood fails to clot normally | hemophilia |
| abnormal increse in the number of cells in an organ or a tissue | hyperplasia |
| condition that results from excessive activity of the thyroid gland | hyperthyroidism |
| condition that results from severe thyroid hormone insufficiency | hypohyroidism |
| a progressive disease in which the bone marrow produces an increased number of immature or abnormal white cells | leukemia |
| condition in which damage occurs to the muscular tissue of the heart, commonly cause by obstructed circulation; also referred to as a heart attack | myocardial infarction |
| a sudden attack, spasm, or convulsion that occurs in specific disorders | seizure |
| a sudden loss of brain function caused by blockage or rupture of a blood vessel to the brin; also called cerebrovascular accident | stroke |
| also known as dry mouth, _____ is the result of disorders and medications that cause a decreased flow of saliva | xerostomia |
| which part of the population is the fastest growning | older population |
| what refers to the irreversible and inevitable changes that occur with time | aging |
| most oral conditions that develop in older adults were once believed tobe the result of aging not of | disease |
| ______ persons ages 65-74 are better educated and are more demanding of health services than in the past. This age group has retained more of their natural teeth and expcects to maintain them throughout their lives | young - old |
| _____ ages 75-84 are begining to have multiple health problems, some have maintained their natural teeth, but more of them have fixed or removable prosthesis | old persons |
| ___ persons ages 85 and older have fewer natural teeth and believe that tooth loss is an inevitable part of aging. | old old |
| along with the medical history it is essential that a __________ be completed for each patient | medication profile |
| the most commonly reported orally related health conditions that affect older patients are: | xerostomia, periodontal disease, tooth decay, dark and brittle teeth and bone resorption |
| ___ are a result of deposits of secondary dentin that has gradually reduced the size of the pulp chamber | dark and brittle teeth |
| patients can be categorized into five specific areas according to | how treatment is anticipated to proceed and what changes are to be made |
| which category is : patients with medical conditions that have lifelong implications | category III |
| which category is : patients with medical conditions who require scheduling changes or shorter appointments | category II |
| symptoms of more than _____ diseases show up in the mouth | 100 |
| Epilepsy ________ and ______ are often used interchangeable to designate symptoms that can affect up to 1% of the general population. | recurrent convulsive disorder and epileptic seizures |
| ____ seizure lasts no longer than 30 seconds, manifests in a variety of ways | petit mal |
| ___ seizure also known as generalized seizures, may be preceded by an aura | grand mal |
| a brief experience such as an unpleasant odor, visual or aural hallucinations, or strange sensations in the leg or arm | aura |
| ____ is one of teh most common neurologic diseases that affect adults between ages 30 and 50. | multiple sclerosis |
| in the treatment of pts with multiple sclerosis what me be prescribed to control muscle spasms. | prednisone, and diazepam |
| what continues to be one of the most serious threats to the health of an individual, leading cause of death among men over 40 and women over 65 | heart disease |
| heart disease can maninfest in many ways such as | hypertension, stable or unstable angina, congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction |
| ____ is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs | congestive heart failure |
| the lack of circulation throughout the body can result from : | narrowed arteries, scar tissue from a past heart attack, high blood pressure, heart valve disease, heart defect, infection of theheart valve or muscle |
| infection of the heart valve or muscle is also called | endocarditis or myocarditis |
| hypertension results when | the heart has to work harder as it pumps against resistance such as that provided by a blocked artery |
| angina pectoris is a ______________ disease in which a decrease in blood supply to the heart muscle causes a sharp pain in the chest | coronary |
| angina is a sign that a patient is at risk for | a heart attack |
| left brain damage results in | right side paralysis, speech and memory deficits, cautious and slow behavior |
| right brain damage results in | left side paralysis, perceptual and memory deficits, quick and impulsive behavior |
| _____ is a severe infection of the cardiac valves and supporting structures that is caused by blood-borne pathogens that gain entry to the bloodstream from such places as the mouth and gastrointestinal tract | infective endocarditis |
| in regards to treatment plan modifications for a pt with heart disease Epinepherine and other vasoconstrictors | can be administered within limits to pts with mild to moderate cardiovascular disease |
| what disorders affect the lungs and are characterized by airway obstruction | pulmonary |
| it is estimated that one of every _______ individuals is allergic to something | four |
| COPD is a general term for pulmonary diseases characterized by | blocked airflow during respiration |
| ___ and ___ are the two most common diseases classified as COPD | chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
| ___ is a disorder that results in irreversible narrowing of the bronchial airways caused by chronic inflammation, increased production of mucus, edema of the bronchial mucosa and reduced ciliary activity | chronic bronchitis |
| ___ is the irreversible enlargement of the size of the air spaces that results in labored breathing and increased susceptibility to infeciton | emphysema |
| an excessive increase in white blood cells may indicate infection or | leukemia |
| what medication does a physician prescribe to a pt with arthritis? | aspirin and corticosteroids |
| the dentist and assistant must be aware of the _____ of patients with muscular dystrophy and their inability to clear their throats by coughing | diminished cough reflex |
| what regulates metabolism in the body cells and stimulates passage of calcium inot the bones from the blood | thyroid gland |
| a pt with an overactive thyroid gland has ______ disease which is the most common form of | graves disease, hyperthyroidism |
| a pt with underactive thyroid gland is diagnose with _____ , if taken which drugs may the pt show signs of an exaggerated response to the drugs | depressants, sedatives, or narcotic analgesics |
| what disease is characterized by a sustained high blood glucose level resulting from an absolute or a relative lack of insulin | diabetes mellitis |
| which type of diabetes is in which the pt is insulin dependent | type I |
| which typ of diabetes is in which the patient is non-insulin dependent | type II |
| specific problems related to dental care for a pt with diabetes include | acetone breath, dehydration of oral soft tissues due to xerostomia, red, swollen and painful gingiva due to medication therapy; alveolar bone loss; toothache; and delayed healing |
| ___ is a feeling that all is not well | anxiety |
| ____ is a condition of general emotional rejection and withdrawal | depression |
| ___ is a disturbance in thinking and perception that consists of delusions, hallucinations, and impaired reality testing | schizophrenia |
Created by:
cynthia.fryer
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