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Pivot Point Ch 3
Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which area of science involves the study of the organs and systems of the body? a. myology b. histology c. anatomy d. physiology | Anatomy |
| What three basic parts of cells are found in all human cells? a. muscle, cytoplasm, cell membrane b. nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane c. muscle, protoplasm, cell membrane d. nucleus, cytoplasm, connective tissue | Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane |
| The control centre of cell activities is called the: a. nucleus b. cytoplasm c. protoplasm d. body system | Nucleus |
| The outer surface of the cell that encloses the protoplasm is known as the: a. nucleus b. cytoplasm c. anabolism d. cell membrane | Cell membrane |
| Most of the activities or production of the cell take place in the: a. nucleus b. stomach c. cytoplasm d. cell membrane | Cytoplasm |
| What is NOT an example of metabolism? a. building up large molecules fr. small ones b. controlling basic functions & activities of the cell c. release energy to perform specific body functions d. breaking down larger molecules/substances into smaller ones | Controlling the basic functions & activities of the cell |
| The process of building up larger molecules from small ones is: a. anabolism b. catabolisn c. physiology d. cell division | Anabolism |
| The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called: a. sleep b. osteology c. anabolism d. catabolism | Catabolism |
| What is the role of epithelial tissue? a. coordinate body functions b. contract to produce motion c. support, protect and hold the body together d. cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs | Cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs |
| Which type of tissue coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord? a. nerve b. muscular c. epithelial d. connective | Nerve |
| A separate body structure composed of cells of two or more different tissues is a (n): a. organ b. tissue c. system d. muscle | Organ |
| A group of body structures that, together, perform one or more vital functions of the body is a (n): a. cell b. tissue c. organ d. system | System |
| The skin makes up the: a. muscular system b. endocrine system c. integumentary system d. framework of the body | Integumentary system |
| Which system is the physical foundation of the body? a. skeletal system b. muscular system c. endocrine system d. circulatory system | Skeletal system |
| The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a: a. joint b. tendon c. synapse d. ligament | Joint |
| Osteology is the area of science that is the study of: a. bones b. germs c. nerves d. muscles | Bones |
| What is the technical term for bone? a. os b. osteo c. vomer d. humerus | Os |
| Long bones are found in the: a. legs. b. back c. chest d. skull | Legs |
| Bone is the hardest structure in the body and is composed of 1/3 organic matter and: a. 2/3 oxygen b. 2/3 nitrogen c. 2/3 hydrogen d. 2/3 mineral matter | 2/3 mineral matter |
| Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? a. allowing body movement b. producing red and white blood cells c. sending and receiving body messages d. surrounding and protecting internal organs | Sending and receiving body messages |
| Which body system has the function to give the body shape and strength? a. skeletal system b. nervoud system c. endocrine system d. circulatory system | Skeletal system |
| Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs? a. skeletal system, endocrine system c. circulatory system d. respiratory system | Skeletal system |
| All of the following are bones of the cranium EXCEPT; a. frontal b. occipital c. temporal d. metacarpal | Metacarpal |
| Mary is performing a scalp massage on a client. Which of the following bones would be most affected by the massage Mary is offering? a. frontal b. ethmoid c. sphenoid d. phalanges | Frontal |
| The parietal bones form the: a. cheek b. upper jaw c. bridge of the nose d. crown and upper sides of the head | Crown and upper sides of the head |
| The two bones located on either side of the head above the ears and below the parietal bones are the: a. parietal bones b. turbinal bones c. palatine bones d. temporal bones | Temporal bones |
| What is the largest bone of the facial skeleton? a. nasal b. turbinal c. lacrimal d. mandible | Mandible |
| The upper cheek and bottom of the eye socket are formed by the malar, also called: a. vomer b. palatine c. lacrimal d. zygomatic | Zygomatic |
| The smallest bones of the facial skeleton that form the front part of the inner, bottom wall of the eye socket are the: a. nasal b. malar c. lacrimal d. zygomatic | Lacrimal |
| The seven bones that form the top part of the spinal column are called: a. carpals b. phalanges c. metacarpals d. cervical vertebrae | Cervical vertebrae |
| The large, flat bone extending from the middle of the back upward to the joint where it attaches to the clavicle is called the: a. rib b. scapula c. sternum d. humerus | Scapula |
| The bone located on the little finger side of the lower forearm is the: a. ulna b. hyoid c. sternum d. humerus | Ulna |
| The eight carpals held together with ligaments make up the: a. knee b. wrist c. hand d. elbow | Wrist |
| The five long, thin bones that form the plam of the hand are the: a. carpals b. maxillae c. phalanges d. metacarpals | Metacarpals |
| Myology is the study of the: a. cells b. organs c. muscles d. skeleton | Muscles |
| One function of the muscular system includes supporting the: a. brain b. skeletal system c. digestive system d. endocrine system | Skeletal system |
| The muscles that respond to commands regulated by will are referred to as: a. cardiac b. striated c. involuntary d. non-striated | Striated |
| Which type of muscle is responsible for permitting a person to change the pace from walking to running? a. cardiac b. voluntary c. involuntary d. non-striated | Voluntary |
| The non-moving portion of the muscle attached to bone or other fixed muscle is the: a. belly b. origin c. insertion d. synapse | Origin |
| What tissue contracts when stimulated to produce motion? a. nerve b. epithelial c. muscular d. connective | Muscular |
| Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the: a. insertion to belly b. belly to insertion c. insertion to origin d. origin to insertion | Insertion to origin |
| The epicranius is formed by two muscles called the fontalis and the: a. procerus b. occipitalis c. corrugator d. temporalis | Occipitalis |
| The muscle that controls the eyebrows by drawing them in and downward is the: a. orbicularis b. corrugator c. auricularis d. levator palpebrae | Corrugator |
| What muscle circles the eyesocket and closes the eyelid? a. corrugator b. auricularis c. buccinator d. orbicularis oculi | Orbicularis oculi |
| Which muscle is located between the eyebrows across the bridge of the nose and is responsible for drawing down and wrinkling the area across the bridge of the nose? a. risorius b. mentalis c. procerus d. corrugator | Procerus |
| Which muscle circles the mouth and is responsible for puckering and wrinkling the lips? a. risorius b. triangularis c. oris orbicularis d. quadratus labii | Oris orbicularis |
| Raising the upper lip is accomplished by which of the following muscles? a. risorius b. masseter c. temporalis d. quadratus labii superioris | Quadratus labii superioris |
| What muscle pulls the lower lip down or to the side? a. mentalis b. orbicularis c. quadratus labii inferioris d. sternocleido mastoideus | Quadratus labii inferioris |
| The coordination of which two muscles enables the body to perform chewing (mastication)? a. risorius and corrugator b. temporalis and masseter c. procerus and latissimus dorsi d. auricularis and latissimus dorsi | Temporalis and masseter |
| Which muscles are used when nodding"yes" or "no"? a. platysma b. trapezius c. temporalis d. sternocleido mastoideus | Sternocleido mastoideus |
| Drawing the head back, rotating the should blades and controlling the swing of the arm are functions controlled by the latissimus dorsi and the: a. trapezius b. platysma c. pectoralis d. sternocleido | Trapezius |
| The muscle that turns the palm of the hand up is the: a. deltoid b. tricep c. pronator d. supinator | Supinator |
| Which muscle bends the wrist and closes the fingers? a. flexor b. deltoid c. adductor d. supinator | Flexor |
| Which muscle straightens the fingers and wrist? a. tricep b. bicep c. flexor d. extensor | Extensor |
| When a professional cosmetologist performs a massage manipulation, what system is generally directly influenced and stimulated? a. digestive b. excretory c. endocrine d. circulatory | Circulatory |
| When performing high stress activities such as exercise, which system of the body is responsible for maintaining the oxygen supply to the muscles and cells? a. skeletal b. digestive c. lymph-vascular d. blood-vascular | Blood-vascular |
| The heart muscle is entirely encased in a membrane called the: a. pronator b. supinator c. pericardium d. thrombocyte | Pericardium |
| The lower chambers of the heart include the: a. left atrium b. right atrium c. pericardium d. left and right ventricle | Left and right ventricle |
| What is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body bringing nourishment and oxygen to all parts of the body? a. blood b. lymph c. platelets d. thrombocytes | Blood |
| Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or: a. plasma b. hemoglobin c. red blood cells d. white blood cells | White blood cells |
| What component of blood gives the body the ability to stop the flow of blood when the protective layer of the skin is broken? a. plasma b. leukocytes c. hemoglobin d. thrombocytes | Thrombocytes |
| The fluid part of the blood is called: a. plasma b. hemoglobin c. red blood cells d. white blood cells | Plasma |
| Thick-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart are: a. veins b. arteries c. capillaries d. lymph vessels | Arteries |
| Which vessels are dark in color because they carry oxygen-poor blood? a. veins b. arteries c. platelets d. ventricles | Veins |
| Which arteries supply blood to the face, head and neck? a. internal jugulars b. external jugulars c. posterior auriculars d. common carotid arteries | Common carotid arteries |
| The occipital artery supplies blood to the: a. back of the head b. lower portion of the face c. sides and top of the head d. scalp above and behind the ears | Back of the head |
| Which artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose? a. occipital b. external maxillary c. posterior auricular d. superficial temporal | External maxillary |
| Which artery supplies the sides of the nose with blood? a. frontal b. angular c. superior labial d. middle temporal | Angular |
| The chin and lower lip are supplied with blood by which artery? a. angular b. parietal c. submental d. inferior labial | Submental |
| Which artery supplies blood to the lower lip? a. transverse b. submental c. inferior labial d. anterior auricular | Inferior labial |
| Which smaller branch of the external maxillary artery supplies blood to the upper lip and septum? a. frontal b. parietal c. superior labial d. anterior auricular | Superior labial |
| Which artery supplies blood to the crown and sides of the head? an angular b. parietal c. submental d. inferior labial | Parietal |
| Which artery supplies blood to parts of the forehead and eyes? a. transverse b. supraorbital c. inferior labial d. anterior auricular | Supraorbital |
| The brain, spinal cord, spinal and cranial nerves make up the: a. central nervous system b. peripheral nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. sympathetic nervous system | Central nervous system |
| Which of the following terms describes the largest nerve tissue in the human body? a. brain b. spinal cord c. trifacial nerve d. cranial nerves | Brain |
| What structure filters out toxic substances, like bacteria and adds antibodies to the lymph fluid? a. veins b. arteries c. capillaries d. lymph nodes | Lymph nodes |
| Which body system may display localized swelling as a result of an infection? a. nervous b. muscular c. excretory d. lymph-vascular | Lymph-vascular |
| The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the: a. axons b. dendrites c. autonomic nervous system d. cerebrospinal nervous system | Autonomic nervous system |
| Located at the end of each axon and responsible for sending messages away from the nerve cell in the form of nerve impulses is a: a. neuron b. dendrite c. cytoplasm d. nerve terminal | Nerve terminal |
| Another name for a nerve cell is: a. neuron b. dendrite c. cytoplasm d. axon terminal | Neuron |
| Which of the components works in harmony to receive & interpret stimuli & sends the resulting impulses to the appropriate tissues, muscles and organs? a. brain,spinal cord & nerves b. brain, spinal cord & arteries c. afferent, efferent & mixed nerves | Brain, spinal cord and nerves |
| Which nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles? a. sensory b. afferent c. efferent d. receptor | Efferent |
| The trifacial nerve is also known as the: a. facial nerve b. sixth cranial nerve c. fifth cranial nerve d. seventh cranial nerve | Fifth cranial nerve |
| The cranial nerve responsible for transmitting facial sensations to the brain is the: a. ulnar b. facial c. radial d. trifacial | Trifacial |
| Which of the following terms is the main nerve branch to the top one-third of the face? a. zygomatic b. maxillary c. ophthalmic d. mandibular | Ophthalmic |
| The primary motor nerve of the face is the: a. facial nerve b. trifacial nerve c. maxillary nerve d. mandibular nerve | Facial nerve |
| A division of the ophthalmic branch that affects the upper eyelid, eyebrow, forehead and scalp is the: a. infraorbital b. mandibular c. supraorbital d. auriculo temporal | Supraorbital |
| Which nerve extends to the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip and mouth? a. mental b. zygomatic c. infraorbital d. supraorbital | Infraorbital |
| What branch of the facial nerve extends to the upper muscles of the cheek? a. mental b. zygomatic c. infraorbital d. auriculo temporal | Zygomatic |
| Which of the following nerves control the mouth muscles oris orbicularis, quadratus labii superioris and mentalis? a. buccal b. ophthalmic c. greater occipital d. cervical cutaneous | Buccal |
| What branch of the facial nerve extends to the muscles of the temple, the side of the forehead, eyebrow, eyelid and upper cheek? a. buccal b. temporal c. zygomatic d. posterior auricular | Temporal |
| Which branch of the cervical nerve extends into the side and front of the neck to the breastbone? a. lesser occipital b. greater occipital c. greater auricular d. cervical cutaneous | Cervical cutaneous |
| Which nerve extends down the little finger side of the arm and into the palm of the hand? a. ulnar b. radial c. digital d. median | Ulnar |
| Which nerve extends down the thumb side of the arm into the palm of the hand? a. ulnar b. radial c. digital d. median | Radial |
| The gastrointestinal system includes all of the following EXCEPT: a. pharynx b. stomach c. esophagus d. lymph nodes | Lymph nodes |
| Why is the respiratory system important to the functioning of the body? a. elimination of urea b. inhalation of oxygen c. neutralization of ammonia d. inhalation of carbon dioxide | Inhalation of oxygen |
| Breathing through the nose is healthier than breathing through the mouth because the nose: a. filters out deadly carbon monoxide b. contains mucus membranes that filter out dust c. cools the air as it travels through the nasal passages | Contains mucus membranes that filter out dust |
| Which system is comprised of glands that manufacture chemical substances called hormones? a. nervous b.digestive c. endocrine d. respiratory | Endocrine |
| A gel-like substance containing water , salt & nutrients obtained from food :A. Cytoplasm B. Protoplasm C. Cell D. Verve Tissue | Protoplasm |
| Superioris the meaning of : A. Behind or in back of B. In front of C. located above or larger D. Located below or smaller | located above or larger |
| Levator meaning of : A. pull down B. lift up C. break down D. level | lift up |
| Carries food , wast products & hormones : A. Organs B. Cells C. System D. liquid tissue | liquid tissue |
| The study of structures that can be seen with naked eye :A. Microscopic Anatomy B. Gross Anatomy C. Anatomy D. Physiology | Gross Anatomy |
| muscle, cytoplasm, cell membrane b. nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane c. muscle, protoplasm, cell membrane d. nucleus, cytoplasm, connective tissue Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane The control centre of cell activities is called the: a. nucleus b. cyto | |
| The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a: A. joint B. tendon C. synapse D. ligament | Joint |
| Which system is the physical foundation of the body? a. skeletal system b. muscular system c. endocrine system d. circulatory system | Skeletal system |
| The skin makes up the: a. muscular system b. endocrine system c. integumentary system d. framework of the body | Integumentary system |
| A group of body structures that, together, perform one or more vital functions of the body is a (n): a. cell b. tissue c. organ d. system | System |
| A separate body structure composed of cells of two or more different tissues is a (n): a. organ b. tissue c. system d. muscle Organ | Organ |
| Which type of tissue coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord? a. nerve b. muscular c. epithelial d. connective | Nerve |
| What is the role of epithelial tissue? A. coordinate body functions B. contract to produce motion C. support, protect and hold the body together D. cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs | cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs |
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