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7 - October 12, 2011

Growth and Development

QuestionAnswer
G&D (Growth & Development) *Are used together but have seperate meanings. *Growth and Development expresses the sum of the numerous changes that take place during the lifetime of an individual. *Growth and Development pattens are progressive and continuous.
Growth *Is a change in quantity. *An increase in physical size *Growth is quantitative. *In children growth is measured by weight, height and head circumference.
Development *A progressive acquistion of skills and the capacity to function. *Results from learned behavior as well as maturation. *Examples: speech and ability to dress oneself.
Maturation *The attainment of full development of a particular skill. *Will see qualitative changes.
Personality *Distinguishment of behaviors from one person to another. *Personality traits are identifiable throughout one's life. *Important to understand as a nurse. *Core is ages 3-5.
Genetics/Heredity *Influence a person's growth and development. *Includes: -hair color -eye color -body size -body shape
Growth and Development Assumptions I *G&D occurs in an orderly pattern from simple to complex. *G&D are continous and are characterized by growth spurts and periods of slow growth. *Rapid periods of growth: -1 period: infant -2 period: adolencence
Growth and Development Assumptions II *Individual rates of G&D vary from child to child. *G&D affects all body parts/systems at different time periods. *The characteristics form a total process which affects ther person physically, mentally and socially.
Directional Terms *Used to describe Growth and Development.
Cephalocaudal *G&D that begins at the head and moves toward the feet. *The upper portion of the boyd develops quicker than the lower portion. cepha means head caudal means tail
Proximodistal *From the center of the body toward the extremities. - Babies have bigger trunks in comparison to their legs and arms.
Patterns of Growth and Development I *They are: - continuous - orderly - progressive - universal to all humans - each person accomplishes there pattern in a time unique to the individual.
Patterns of Growth and Development II *Confilicts and stressors may prolong the completion of a task or a skill (Regression) *After the resolution of the confilct the person is usually able to return to their appropriate developmental levels.
Stages of Growth and Development I *Child growth behavior is categorized into age specific stages that describes the age group. *A way to describe characteristics associated with the majority of children at a certain period of development.
Stages of Growth and Development II *Nurses need to know that there are health problems specific to each major stage of development. *Nurses also need to know what is normal for each phase.
Stages of Growth and Development III *Two major infulences on G&D are genetics and the environment (This is also known as nature -vs- nurture). *Nature is genetics and inborn qualities. *Nurture is learning and experiences in the environment.
Stages of Growth and Development IIII *Prenatal Period is fertilization to 1 year. *Toddler Period is 1-3 years *Preschooler is 3-6 years *School Age is 6-11 years *Adolescence is 11-19 years *Early Adulthood is 20's-40's *Middle Adulthood is 40's-60's *Late Adulthood is 60+
Sigmund Freud I *Father of Psychoanalysis *Physician who specialized in neurology. *Felt there is a direct relationship between sexual development and social adjustment.
Sigmund Frued II *Believed adult personality is determined by the way early sources of pleasure are solved. - Example: the mouth, anus and genitals.
Created by: bjbert
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