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Pain ch 46
pain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acute pain | pain that lasts only through the expected recovery period (less than six months), whether it has a sudden or slow onset and regardless of the intensity |
| Adjuvant analgesic | medication that may enhance the effects of other analgesics or have its own analgesic properties |
| Agonist analgesic | full agonists which are pure opioid drugs that bind tightly to mu receptor sites, producing maximum pain inhibition, an agonist effect |
| Agonist-antagonist analgesic | mixed agonists-antagonists drugs that can act like opioids and relieve pain (agonist effect) when given to a client who has not taken any pure opioids |
| Chronic pain | prolonged pain, usually recurring or persisting over six months or longer, and interferes with functioning |
| Cordotomy | surgical severing which obliterates pain and temperature sensation below the level of the spinothalamic portion of the anterolateral tract severed, and is usually done for pain in the legs and trunk |
| Cutaneous pain | pain that originates in the skin or subcutaneous tissue |
| Deep somatic pain | pain that arises from ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, and nerves |
| Equianalgesia | equal analgesia, is used when referring to the doses of various opioid analgesics that provide approximately the same pain relief |
| Fifth vital sign | pain assessment |
| Hyperalgesia | extreme sensitivity to pain |
| Intractable pain | pain that is resistant to cure or relief |
| Neurectomy | surgery in which peripheral or cranial nerves are interrupted to alleviate localized pain |
| Neuropathic pain | the result of a disturbance of the peripheral or central nervous system that results in pain that may or may not be associated with an ongoing tissue-damaging process |
| Nociception | the physiologic processes related to pain perception |
| Nociceptor | a pain receptor |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) | drugs that relieve pain by acting on the peripheral nerve endings to inhibit the formation of the prostaglandins that tend to sensitize nerve to painful stimuli; have analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-inflammatory effect; include aspirin and ibuprofen |
| Pain | whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he (or she) says it does |
| Pain reaction | the autonomic nervous system and behavioral responses to pain |
| Pain sensation | can be considered the same as pain threshold |
| Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) | a pain management technique that allows the client to take an active role in managing pain |
| Phantom pain | pain that remains after the perceived location has been removed, such as pain perceived in a foot after the leg has been amputated |
| Placebo | any form of treatment (e.g., medication) that produces an effect in the client because of its intent rather than its chemical or physical properties |
| Preemptive analgesia | the administration of analgesics prior to an invasive or operative procedure in order to treat pain before it occurs |
| Radiating pain | pain perceived at the source and in surrounding or nearby tissues |
| Referred pain | pain perceived to be in one area but whose source is another area |
| Rhizotomy | interruption of the anterior or posterior nerve root between the ganglion and the cord; generally performed on cervical nerve roots to alleviate pain of the head and neck |
| Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) | involves the insertion of a cable that allows the placement of an electrode directly on the spinal cord and is used with nonmalignant pain that has not been controlled with less invasive therapies |
| Sympathectomy | severence of the pathways of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; eliminates vasospasm, improves peripheral blood supply, and is effective in treating painful vascular disorders |
| Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) | a noninvasive, nonanalgesic pain control technique that allows the client to assist in the management of acute and chronic pain |
| Visceral pain | results from stimulation of pain receptors in the abdominal cavity, cranium, and thorax |
Created by:
jmeo04
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