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October 15, 2011
Intro chapter 2 vocabluary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Abduction | Movement of limbs away from the body |
Action | Moves connecting bones in a specific direction |
Active ROM | Range-of-motion the patient performs with minimal assistance |
Active-assistive ROM | The patient does as much s possible and nurse assists to full range |
Adduction | Movements of limbs toward the body |
Ankylosis | The permanent flexion of a joint |
Atrophy | A wasting, or decrease in size, of any organ or no part due to lack of nutrients or oxygen causing death(ischemia) and reabsorption of cells |
Circumduction | To revolve around an axis in such a way that the proximal end of limb is fixed and distal end traces in circles |
Contracture | Permanent shortening of a muscle; then, shortening of tendons and ligaments |
Dorsiflexion | Movement of toes up toward head |
Eversion | Movement of turning foot outward |
Extension | The movement which increases the angle between two bones (straightening a joint) |
Extensors | Muscles that increase the angle of a limb |
External rotation | Hold arm out to side with elbow bent, move forward so palm faces forward |
Flexion | The movement which decreases the angle between two bones (bending of a joint) |
Muscles that reduce the angle of a limb | Flexors |
Functional position | Resting position |
Hyperextension | Back beyond resting point |
Internal rotation | Movement of arm to side at shoulder level with elbow bent at 45' lower arm palm faces back |
Inversion | Movement of turning foot inward |
Joint range of motion | Point at which two bones come together |
Opposition | Touching each fingertip to thumb |
Passive ROM | ROM provided by the nurse with no help from patient |
Plantar flexion | Movement of pointing toes downward |
Pronation | Forearm facing downward |
Rigidity | Stiffness of muscles |
Spasticity | Sudden, prolonged involuntary muscle contraction |
Supination | Forearm facing upward |
Rotation | Movement of bone around its own axis |