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Inflam & Infection
Medical
Question | Answer |
---|---|
abscesses | pockets of accumulated pus |
anabolism | process by which tissues are built up |
antibiotics | medications used to treat bacterial infections |
bactericidal | ability to kill microorganisms |
bacteriostatic | ability to inhibit growth of microorganisms |
broad-spectrum antibiotics | antibiotics that act against a wide variety of pathogens |
carriers | person who transmits an infectious disease but does not show any clinical manifestations |
catabolism | process by which body tissues are broken down |
cellulitis | localized infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue |
chain of infection | set of factors that must exist in order for an infection to develop |
colonization | the growth of bacteria on or in a body part |
diapedesis | movement of white blood cells from the circulation to the injury site |
endogenous pyrogens | chemicals, bacterial toxins, prostaglandins, and interleukin-1 that act on the hypothalamus to raise body temperature |
fistula | abnormal tubelike passage from one body cavity to another |
healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infections | infections associated with healthcare delivery in any setting |
immunosuppression | inability of the immune system to provide adequate immunity |
incision and drainage | procedure for draining pus from a wound |
infection | condition in which pathogenic organisms trigger the inflammatory process |
infectious disease | illness that is caused by a microorganism and can be transmitted to another person |
inflammation | nonspecific response that occurs when the body experiences any type of injury |
invasiveness | organism's ability to invade the body and cause disease |
leukopenia | white blood cell count below normal |
leukocytosis | white blood cell count greater than normal |
lymphadenopathy | swelling and enlargement of the lymph nodes |
macrophages | mature, large white blood cells that develop from monocytes |
mutation | change in an organism from its original form into a different form |
narrow-spectrum antibiotics | antibiotics that act against a few pathogens |
pathogens | microorganisms that are capable of producing disease |
phagocytosis | process by which phagocytes ingest harmful bacteria and dead tissue cells |
prophylactic | preventing an infection |
Standard Precautions | guidelines to protect the health care worker and prevent transmission of infectious organisms to other clients |
superinfection | overgrowth of bacteria that occurs when antibiotics eliminate the body's normal flora |
Transmission-based Precautions | guidelines to prevent spread of infection through the air, droplet, and through contact |
virulence | power of a microorganism to cause an infection |