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Study Guide Quiz Cards
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Triangular trade | Colonial trade route between New England, the West Indies and Africa. Slaves from Africa, Sugar and Molasses to the colonies from W. Indies, and rum, guns and gun powder to Africa. |
Great Awakening | A religious movement that swept through the colonies, impacted religious, social, and political life. |
The French and Indian War 1754 | Fight between Indians and colonists, British and French for land in the US 1763: Treaty of Paris ended war Chief Pontiac opposed Britain, rebelled. |
Proclamation Act(Line) of 1763 | Banned settlement west of Appalachian mountains, Ohio River Valley in hope of protecting Indians; colonists hated it, thought they should decide where they settle |
Samuel Adams | Big propagandist, supportive in the colonies splitting from Britain. Encouraged colonists not to buy British goods, to go against Britain. |
Boycott | Refusal to buy certain products. Colonists refused to buy taxed goods such as tea, glass, paint, and lead. Sons and Daughters of Liberty encouraged colonists to boycott. |
Stamp Act 1765 | Required colonists to pay for a stamp when they bought paper products, colonists hated it. |
Repeal | To take back, or to cancel something. Parliament repealed certain taxes because colonists protested. To do away with. |
Townshend Acts 1767 | Placed taxes on lead, paper, glass, paint, and tea. Repealed all taxes except the one on tea. Boycotts formed. |
Boston Massacre 1770 | The shootings of 5 colonists by British soldiers. Propaganda spread fast, dubbed 'Boston Massacre'. |
Boston Tea Party 1773 | The dumping of 340 British tea chests into the Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act. |
Sons of Liberty | Secret society formed by colonists to protest against taxes. Frightened tax collectors and sometimes used violence. |
Intolerable Acts 1774 | Dubbed Intolerable Acts by the colonists; involved the Boston Harbor closed until ruined tea was paid for, Massachusetts charter was cancelled, royal officials accused of crime went to Britain for trial, and a new governor was appointed. |
First Continental Congress 1774 | Formed by delegates from 12 colonies, discussed about what to do with Britain. Some delegates said to seek peace, others said they needed to fight. Halted trade w/Eng. and alerted colonial militia. Drafted Declaration of Rights. |
Battle of Lexington-Concord 1775 | Colonists alerted about marching British troops, wait at Lexington. First shot fired by unknown soldier, battle ends quick. Casualties on colonists side. |
Minutemen | Members of the civilian volunteer militia. Ready at a moments notice. |
Second Continental Congress | 12 colonies send delegates again. Did not want to break away from Britain, called Massachusetts militia the Continental Army. Wrote Olive Branch Petition, asking the king for harmony. |
Battle of Bunker Hill 1775 | The battle at Breed's hill, where British tried to take colonist bunker, many British casualties, almost double the American losses. Tragic victory for British. |
Common Sense | A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine published in 1776, encouraged colonists to separate from England. |
Thomas Jefferson | Writer of Declaration of Independence, one of the Continental Congress Delegates |
Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 | The documented formal announce of the separation between the 13 colonies and England. |
Patriots | Colonists who opposed and fought against Britain. |
Loyalists | Colonists who chose to stay loyal to Britain, sometimes called Tories. |
People "left out" of the Declaration of Independence | Women and African Americans were left out. |
Who fought (groups) in the American Revolution | The groups were Patriots, France and Spain against Britain, Loyalists, and hired mercenaries. |
Advantages & Disadvantages of British Forces | Advantages and Disadvantages of British: Distance, tired of paying taxes, poor leadership; professional army, huge navy, 50,000 troops, resources. |
Battle of Trenton 1776 | After G. Washington retreated, he decided to attack the Hessians at Trenton. Dec. 25, 1776 crossed Delaware River and attacked. Won, important victory. |
Battle of Saratoga 1777 | Brit. Gen. John Burgoyne tries to cut off N.E. colonies; attacked along the way, outnumbered when he reaches Saratoga. American troops, surround, crush British. British surrender. |
Battle of Yorktown 1781 | Last major battle, troops led by G. Washington, Lafayette, and Rochambeau. Trapped British troops, forced Cornwallis to surrender. |
Treaty of Paris 1783 | Peace talk between Britain and America, Ben Franklin key negotiator, US Independence recognized, set America's borders. |
Advantages & Disadvantages of Colonial Forces | Patriotism, help from European nations, outstanding leadership; outnumbered, poorly trained, lack of supplies, had no power to raise taxes. |