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Ch. 3 Zac S. P.3
American Revolution Zac Sippel P.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Triangular Trade | Trading networks in which goods and slaves moved among England, the American Colonies, and Africa. Had several routes. |
| Great Awakening | Religious movement that became widespread in the American colonies in the 1730's and 1740's. Prior to Revolutionary War. Johathon Edwards and George Whitfield. Drew people from all races, religions, and classes. |
| The French and Indian War; 1754 | 1670's. Tensions arise between colonists and Wompanoag Indians due to war. |
| Proclamation Act of; 1763 | Proclamation limiting trade and exploration from colonists west of the Appalachian Mountains. Settlers also had to leave upper Ohio River valley. |
| Samuel Adams | Local leader. American revolutionary who led the agitation that led to the Boston Tea Party. He signed the Declaration of Independence. |
| Boycott | Form of protest. |
| Stamp Act of; 1765 | Required colonists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. Pressure to repeal this act grew quickly. Men called themselves "Sons of Liberty". |
| Repeal | Do away with; shut down; end. |
| Townshend Acts; 1767 | Passed in June of 1767. Placed duties on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. Act reached protest once again. Women called themselves "Daughters of Liberty". |
| Boston Massacre; 1770 | Shootings in Boston. Colonist and soldier were arguing; soldier struck him; big commotion; soldiers began to fire. Killed 3 people, however, it was a big deal. Soldiers charged with murder. Eventually found not guilty. |
| Boston Tea Party; 1773 | Tea Act of 1773 allowed British East India Company to sell tea directly to colonists. Night of December 16th, 1773, colonists disguised as Indidans sneaked onto three tea-filled chests in Boston Harbor. Dumped 340 chests overboard. |
| Sons Of Liberty | Secret society formed by colonists; mainly Samuel Adams. Participated in Boston Tea Party. |
| Intolerable Acts of; 1774 | Spring of 1774, Parliament passed Coercive Acts. Colonists called them the Intolerable Acts. Boston Harbor was closed until tea damage was paid, Massachusets charter was canceled, royal officials accused of crimes and sent to trial. |
| First Continental Congress; 1774 | A gathering in the fall of 1774 of delegates from throughout the colonies. At Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, engaged in tense debates. Believed violence was unavoidable, and delegates from New York and Pennsylvania had strict orders to seek peace. |
| Battle of Lexington-Concord; 1775 | At dawn the british troops arrived at Lexington, near Concord, where 70 armed minutemen awaited the British advance. |
| Minutemen | Members of the civilian volunteer militia. |
| Second Continental Congress; 1775 | May 1775; delegates from 12 different colonies (not Georgia) met in Philadelphia for the Second Continental Congress. |
| Battle of Bunker Hill; 1775 | Battle that proved the colonists could take on the British. Tragic victory for British; suffered more than 1000 casualties (about double to American losses). |
| Common Sense | 47 page pamphlet published anonymously in January of 1776 that urged separation from Great Britain. Argued that citizens should make laws, not kings or queens. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Member of Second Continental Congress. American statesman; published Declaration of Independence. |
| Declaration of Independence; July 4th, 1776 | Document that formally announced the colonies' break from Great Britain. Three main ideas. |
| Patriots | Colonists who chose to fight for independence. |
| Loyalists | Also called Tories. Were those who remained loyal to Great Britain. |
| People "left out" of the Declaration of Independence | Declaration ignored many colonists. Abigail Adams tried to influence her husband to include women in the declaration, but women were not mentioned, even though they were patriots as well. Did not recognize enslaved African American either. |
| Who fought in the American Revolution | Soldiers were young (16), had no money, property, etc. Keeping young men was a constant chore, and men often paid their slaves to fight for them. African Americans and Native American Indians all fought in the war. Native Americans fought on both sides |
| Advantages and Disadvantages of British and Colonial Forces | Colonists) :) PATRIOTISM, help from Europe, leadership, George Washington. :( outnumbered, poorly trained, supplies, no power in government. British) :) professionals, big navy, supplies. :( distance, frustration of taxes, leadership, unknown land. |
| Battle of Trenton; 1776 | George Washington, on Christmas night 1776, came to enemy camp and sprang upon them while sleeping. Took more than 900 prisoners. Important victory to colonists. |
| Battle of Saratoga; 1777 | Major victory. Horatio Gates crushed British attempts to advance. Benedict Arnold then led bold charge forcing British to retreat. Burgoyne = surrounded, and surrendered in 1777. Greatest victory yet for America. |
| Battle of Yorktown; 1781 | Last major battle. Led by George Washington. French troops led by Comte de Rochambeau and Marquis de Layfette. Trapped British troops and forced surrender in 1891. |
| Treaty of Paris;1783 | Britain entered peace talks with America. Ben Franklin - key negotiator. US Independence recognized. Set Americas borders. Settlement permitted west of the original 13 colonies. |
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