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Combined Sets

Simonds- DNA/Replica+Simonds_Protein Synt

QuestionAnswer
What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What type of sugar is in DNA? deoxyribose
What are the three things that make up a nucleotide? phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? nucleotides
How many strands does a DNA molecule have? 2 strands, it is a double helix
Where in the cell is DNA found? in the nucleus, the control center or brain of the cell
Who discovered the DNA model? Watson and Crick
When does DNA replication occur during the cell cycle? S phase of Interphase
How many different nitrogen bases are their in DNA? 4 different nitrogen bases
What are the nitrogen bases in DNA? A (adenine), G (guanine), T (thymine), C (cytosine)
What pairs do the bases bond as in DNA? A to T, G to C
The amount of A (adenine) always equals the amount of what? T (thymine)
The amount of G (Guanine) always equals the amount of what? C (Cytosine)
What makes up the backbone of the DNA model? phosphate and deoxyribose sugar
What makes up the rungs of the ladder? nitrogen bases
What makes up the steps of the DNA model? nitrogen bases
What are the sides of the DNA model made of? phosphate and sugar
What type of bond holds together the base pairs? hydrogen bonds
What type of bonds holds together the phosphate and sugars from one nucleotide to the next nucleotide? phosphate bond
What is A (adenine) complimentary base? T (thymine)
What is C (cytosine) complimentary base? G (guanine)
What is the process that makes a copy of the DNA? DNA replication
What is the complimentary strand to ATGC? TACG
What are three bases in a row called? a codon
What type of biomolecule is DNA? nucleic acid
Why must DNA unzip before it can be copied? to expose the nucleotides in order to make a new DNA strand from the template
What is the name of the type of replication DNA is classified since it is made of a new and an old strand? semi-conservative
What accounts for the differences in humans if the DNA nucleotides is the same for all humans? the order of the nitrogen bases on the nucleotides
Molecule used as blueprint for all life DNA
Full name of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
What are the three parts to a nucleotide? phosphate, sugar, base
What is the sugar found in DNA? deoxyribose
What are the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA? Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C)
What are the base pairing rules for DNA? A-T, G-C
What makes up the backbone of a DNA molecule? phosphate and sugar
What makes up the rungs of the DNA ladder? nitrogen bases
What kind of bond holds together the nitrogen bases in DNA? weak hydrogen bonds
Where in the cell is DNA found? nucleus
What are the two types of nucleic acids? DNA and RNA
What does RNA stand for? Ribonucleic Acid
What type of sugar is found in RNA? ribose
How many strands are found in a RNA molecule? 1
What are the two differences between a DNA nucleotide and a RNA nucleotide? the sugar: DNA has dooxyribose and RNA has ribose. the bases:DNA has A, T, G, C and RNA has A, U, G, C
What are the four nitrogen bases in RNA? Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)
What are the two parts of Protein Synthesis? Transcription and Translation
What is the first part of Protein Synthesis? Transcription
Where does transcription take place in the cell? nucleus
What is used during transcription to make mRNA? DNA
What does the "m" in mRNA stand for? messenger
What serves as the template for making mRNA? DNA, since mRNA is made in the nucleus during transcription from DNA
How many strands is mRNA? one, like all RNA molecules
What is a codon? 3 bases in a row
What two molecules have codons? DNA and mRNA
What would the mRNA codon be if the DNA template is ATG? UAC
Where does the mRNA take the message after transcription is over? to the cytoplasm to a ribosome for translation
What is the second part of Protein Synthesis? Translation
What is being "translated" during translation the mRNA to make proteins
What does the mRNA insert into to start translation? a ribosome
After mRNA inserts into a ribosome, what molecule begins to bind to mRNA? tRNA with amino acids attached
What is attached to the end of each tRNA molecule? a specific amino acid?
How many bases in an anticodon? 3
What molecules has anti-codons? tRNA
What does the "t" stand for in tRNA? transfer
What does tRNA transfer the message from? mRNA
Where did mRNA get the message from to start translation? DNA during transcription
After tRNA anti-codons attach to mRNA codons in a ribosome, what happens next? The amino acids on the ends of the tRNA molecules bond together to form proteins.
What are proteins made of? amino acids
How many difference amino acids are there? 20
Where are proteins made? at a ribosome during translation
What four nitrogen bases are there in tRNA? same as all RNA: A, U, G, C
How many codons in the DNA strand: ATGCGTTCA 3: ATG-CGT-TCA
What is the tRNA complimentary bases if the mRNA codon is UGC? ACG
What molecule is used to find the amino acids on a codon chart? Always use mRNA when using a codon chart
What two molecules are used in transcription? DNA and mRNA
What is the order of translation? mRNA --> tRNA with amino acid attached --> protein
What molecule is used in both transcription and translation? mRNA
What two places does protein synthesis occur? nucleus for transcription and in the cytoplasm at a ribosome for translation
What is the only molecule that has anti codons? tRNA
What do you HAVE TO use to find the amino acids on a codon chart? mRNA
Created by: ssimond1
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