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JustinL Ch 4
JustinL Ch 4 study guide
| Magna Carta | inspired articles of confederation; was created in 1215 to limit king's power and said that the king had to obey the laws |
| Influence of the magna carta on the constitution | limited the power of the monarchy and the creators of the constitution agreed with that |
| Thomas Jefferson's virginia statute for religious freedom | said that you did not have to go to church if you did not want to and not everyone had to tax the church |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787: slavery | banned slavery in future states |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787: adding new states | when the population of a territory reached 60,000, it's settlers could draft a constitution and ask to join the union |
| Pupose of the land ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest ordinance of 1785 | it provided a way for the future states to be organized and how they could join the United States of America |
| how land was idvided under the land ordinance of 1785 | split into townships and each township was split into 36 lots of 640 acres; there was 1 lot for education, 4 for vetrans, and the rest for public |
| Major influences on the U.S. Constitution | Mayflower compact, self government; colonial assemblies, two chambers; virgina statutre for religious freedom; Magna Carta, made king subject to law; English Bill of rights, took power from ruler; Enlightenment, We the people of the U.S. ... |
| How the Articles of Confederation reflected the ideas of the Declaration of Indepencence | they were independent and the people had most of the power |
| Significance of the Articles of Confederation | it was the first rules of the new united states |
| Main cause of Shay's rebellion | farmers were losing land because there was taxes that they could not pay |
| United States' goverment's responce to Shay's Rebellion | they could not do much because there was no national army |
| Americans citizen's responce to Shay's rebellion | they wanted to change the articles of confederation and have a stronger central government |
| Significance of Shay's rebellion | it made American leaders change the articles of confederation into the constitution which was a more efficient way of ruling |
| Main features of the articles of confederation | No chief executive;laws needed approval by 9 of 13 states;no power to tax states ;not form army but request for people and money;no nat. court system;any changes approved by all the states; not collect state debts;could not settle disputes among states |
| Problems with britain after the revolution | closed many ports to American trade ships; had high tariffs, taxes on imports or exportss |
| Problems with Spain after the revolution | closed lower Mississippi River to U.S. shipping |
| Purpose of the Constitutional Convention | to improve the Articles of Confederationq |
| Virginia Plan/ large state plan | written by James Madison and brought by Edmund Randolf; proposed 3 branches of gov.; bicameral; give suprem power to central goverment; large states would have more representation in congress; small states protest |
| New Jersey Plan/ Small state plan | brought by William Patterson; unicameral proposed every state receive 1 vote in the legislature; regardless of population |
| Great Compromise/ Connecticut Compromise | brought by Roger Sherman; representation in house of representations would be based on population; each state would get the same number of senators in the senate; 2 houses bicameral called congress |
| north vs. South disagreement ofver slavery at the Constitutional Convention | South wanted slaves to count as part of their population; north wanted number of slaves to determine taxes but not representation; agreed on three/fifths compromise |
| three-fifths compromise | decided three-fifths of a state's slave population would count when determining representation and taxes |
| Popular sovereignty | the idea that political authority belongs to the people |
| Fedearalism | the sharing of power between a central government and the states that make up the government |
| Purposes of checks and balancds in the government | keeps any branch of government from being to powerful |
| how the constitution reflected the ideas of the decleration of independence | it gave people the three unalienable rights; it protected the rights of the citizens |
| Power of the national government ("delegated" powers) | declare war; negotiate treaties (foreign policies); issue money; regulate trade (interstate and foreign); Run the military |
| Power of the state government ("reserved" powers) | regulate edjucation; grant licenses; provide police and fire protection; regulate sale of property in the state |
| Shared powers between national and state governments ("concurrent" powers) | levy taxes; define crimes and punishment; determine voting qualifications; borrow money |
| Federalists and their arguments for the constitution | thought constitution offered a good balance of power; careful compromise between various political views; good balance of power |
| anti-federalists and their arguments against the constitution | too much power to the central government; wanted rights; did not want taxes |
| The federalist papers | essays supporting the constitution and were written anonymously under the name Publius; were actually written by Hamilton, Maddison, and Jay |
| The Bill of Rights- What is it and how it reflects the ideas in the Declaration of Indepencence | 10 of the proposed amendments intended to protect citizen's rights; ratified by the states by December 1792; the abuses listed in the DOI would be illegal under the new government; |
| Reasons the U.S. Constitution is still in use more than 200 years later | it is effective; it provides fair laws; there is a Bill of Rights to with it; they can add ammendements to change or create laws |
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justinlevin
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