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medsurg52
nursing care with patients with sensory disorders: vision and hearing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| best means of preventing spread of conjunctivitis | handwashing |
| Myopia | caused by light rays refracting in front of retina; near sighted |
| refractive errors are usually treated with | corrective lenses |
| how to interact with blind patient | identify self, post blind sign, ask if need help, talk directly to patient, explain location of items on meal tray, explain activity in room, speak before touch, half-step behind, place hand on chair before sitting, keep items in same location |
| diabetes prevention of retinopathy | control blood sugar |
| Glaucoma | abnormal pressure within eyeball, loss of peripheral vision leading to loss of central vision and eventually blindness, irreversible condition |
| signs and symptoms of glaucoma/acute angle closure glaucoma | severe pain, blurred vision, rainbows around lights, steamy appearing cornea, photophobia, and tearing |
| S&S of POAG(primary open angle glaucoma) | mild aching, headache, halos around lights, frequent visual changes that are not corrected with eyeglasses |
| glaucoma patient and eyedrops duration | lifelong |
| Isopto and Pilocar | used to constrict pupil, iris pulls away from drainage canal so that the aqueous fluid can flow freely |
| Cataract development | age, ultraviolet radiation, diabetes, smoking, steroids, nutritional deficiencies, alcohol consumption, trauma |
| Cataracts signs and symptoms | difficulty seeing or reading in bright light, decreased color vision, increased sensitivity to glare, double or hazy vision, decreased color vision |
| Complications | inflammation, retinal detachment, increased IOP |
| patient teaching | avoid activities that increase IOP, should not drive, return to hospital if experiencing sudden worsening pain, wear sunglasses |
| Macular degeneration | slow progressive loss of central and near vision(usually happens in both eyes) |
| hearing impaired | observe patient for any signs of hearing impairment; conductive hearing loss associated with use of hearing aids |
| WHATS UP | Where is it; How does it feel?; Aggravating and alleviating factors; Timing; Severity; Useful data for associated symptoms; Perception of the problem by the patient |
| external ear infections | external otitis is most common infection |
| contraindication of irrigation | if perforation is suspected |
| Otitis media signs and symptoms | fullness, bubbling or crackling in ear, or bulging membrane |
| Trauma | pain and hearing loss most common signs and symptoms |
| Labrynthitis(infection of inner ear) | vertigo, tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss, antibiotics are used to treat |
| Meniere's disease signs and symptoms | vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus occurs suddenly or experiences warning signs(headaches or fullness) |
| treatment of symptoms for acute attack(lasts 2-4hours) of Meniere's disease signs and symptoms | dizziness, uncoordinated, gait changes: tranquilizers and vagal blockers |
| with Meniere's disease, salt restricted diet, diuretics, antihistamines, and vasodilators are used for | prophylactic treatment |
| Meniere's patients should | avoid alcohol and stay on bed rest during acute attacks |
| nursing role with Meniere's disease patients | relieve anxiety, protect from injury, maintain and develop relationships and provide adequate nutrition, explain methods to minimize symptoms during acute episodes, such as decreasing movement |
Created by:
laotracuata
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