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Munn, Monica NU
Terminology 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecchymosis | The skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. Ecchymoses can similarly occur in mucous membranes as, for example in the mouth. |
| Malaise | A vague feeling of discomfort, one that cannot be pinned down but is often sensed as "just not right." Malaise comes straight from the French who compounded it from "mal' (bad or ill) + "aise" (ease) = ill at ease. |
| Abscission | To remove tissue by cutting it away, as in surgery. |
| Activities of daily living (ADLs) | The things we normally do in normal daily living including any daily activity we perform for self-care, work, homemaking, & leisure. The ability/inability to perform ADLs can be used as a very practical measure of ability/disability in many disorders. |
| Adipose | "Adipose" means "fat" but is usually used to refer specifically to tissue made up mainly of fat cells such as yellow layer of fat beneath the skin. the word "adipose" comes from the Latin "adeps" meaning "fat, particularly lard." |
| Affect | The emotional tones a person expresses. A person's affect may be appropriate or inappropriate to the situation. One type of inappropriate affect is a flat affect or blunted affect, a common feature of schizophrenia. |
| Agonist | A drug that binds to a receptor of a cell & triggers a response by the cell. An agonist often mimics the action of a normally occuring substance. An agonist produces an action. It is the opposite of an antagonist which acts against and blocks an action. |
| Akinesia | impaired body movement; without movement (or without much movement). Akinesia is a term used in neurology to denote the absence (or poverty) of movement. |
| Alopecia | Baldness. There are many types of alopecia, each with a different cause. |
| Apnea | An apnea is a period of time during which breathing stops or is markedly reduced. There are two types of apdneas, the more common obstructive sleep apnea and the less common central sleep apnea. |
| Bradycardia | A slow heart rate, usually defined as less than 60 beats per minute. |
| Bruxism | Grinding and gnashing the teeth. |
| Hydrocele | Accumulation of fluid in the coat around the testis. Small hydroceles tend to disppear by a year of age while larger hydroceles may persist and warrant surgery. |
| Hypervolemia | An abonormal increase in blood volume or strictly peaking, ans abnormal increase in the volume of blood plasma. From hyper + volume + emia (blood). |
| Hypotonic Solution | a solution with a lower salt concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood. |
| Stenosis | A narrowing: aortic stenosis- narrowing of the aortic valve of the heart, pulmonary stenosis- narrowing of the polmonary valve of the heart, pyloric stenosis- narrowing of the outlet of the stomach, spinal stenosis- narrowing of the vertebral canal. |
| Syncope 1 of 2 | Partial or complete loss of consciousness w/ interruption of awareness of oneself & ones surroundings. When the loss of consciousness is temporary & there is spontaneous recovery, it is referred to as syncope or in nonmedical quarters, fainting. |
| Syncope 2 of 2 | Due to a temporary reduction in blood flow: shortage of oxygen to brain. Leads to headlightedness or blackouts, a loss of consciousness. Temp. impairment of blood supply to brain can be caused by heart conditions & by conditions not directly involv. heart |
| Systemic | Affecting the entire body. A systemic disease such as diabetes can affect the whole body. |
| Lateral | In anatomy, the side of the body or a body part that is farther from the middle or center of the body. Typically, lateral refers to the outer side of the body part, but is also used to refer to the side of a body part, for example: lateral side of knee. |
| Whipple Procedure | A type of surgery used to treat pancreatic cancer. The head of the pancreas, the duodenum, a portion of the stomach, and other nearby tissues are removed. |
| Generic Drug | 1) The chemical name of a drug 2) A term referring to the chemical makeup of a drug rather than to the advertised brand name under which the drug is sold 3) a term referring to any drug marketed under its chemical name w/o advertising. |
| Lysis | destruction. Hemolysis is the destruction of red blood cells with the release of hemoglobin; bacteriolysis is the destruction of bacteria. |
| Hyperreflexia | overactive neurological reflexes |
| a | before |
| A.C. | before meals |
| ad | to; up to |
| ad lib | freely |
| B.I.D. | twice a day |
| b.i.w | twice a week |
| c. | with |
| C. | centrigrade |
| cc. | cubic centimeter |
| cm. | centimeter |
| cap. | capsule |
| EKG | elctrocardiogram |
| EEG | electroencephalogram |
| elix. | elixir; drugs dissolved in syrup containing alcohol |
| F. | fahrenheit |
| G.A.D. | glucose, acetone and diacetic acid urine test |
| G.I. | gastrointestinal |
| Gm. | gram |
| Gm./100 ml. | grams per 100 milliliters |
| gr. | grain |
| H.S. | at bedtime |
| I.M. | intramuscular |
| I.V. | intraveneous |
| Kg. | kilogram |
| L. | liter |
| lb. | pound |
| L./min. | liters per minute |
| mg. | milligram |
| N.P.O. | nothing by mouth |
| O | a pint |
| oz. | ounce |
| P.C. | after meals |
| per | by or through |
| pH | measure of alkalinity and acidity |
| p.o. | post operative |
| P.O. | by mouth |
| P.R. | by rectum |
| p.r.n. | whenever required |
| q.(2,3,4)h. | every two, three, four hours |
| Q.D. | everyday |
| q.H. or q.1H | every hour |
| Q.I.D or 4i.d. | four time a day |
| Q.O.D. | every other day |
| q.s. | a sufficient quantity |
| qt. | quart |
| s | without |
| sig | label |
| sol | solution |
| S.O.S. or s.o.s. | if necessary |
| Stat | immediately; at once |
| T | one |
| tab | tablet |
| tbsp. | tablespoon |
| tsp. | teaspoon |
| ung | ointment |
| U.R.I. | upper respiratory infection |
| MAR | Medication Administration Record |
| NGT, ng | nasogastric tube |
| GT, gt | gastrostomy tube |
| NS, N/S | normal saline |
| per | by or through |
| Susp | suspension |
| fl, fld. | fluid |
| DS | double strength |
| t.i.d or tid | three times a day |
| q.h. or qh | every hour |
| c, C | cup |
| s | without |
| vag, v | vaginally |
| Dx | diagnosis |
| Hx | history |
| Rx | prescription |
| Sx | symptoms |
| Abx | antibiotics |
| Bx | biopsy |
| h/o | history of |
| BP | blood pressure, bipolar |
| LP | lumbar puncture, spinal tap |
| pt | patient |
| PT | physical therapy |
| pre-op | before an operation |
| post-op | after an operation |
| Medi/Medi | person has both Medicare and Medicaid |
| GP | general practitioner |
| NS | neurosurgeon |
| Neuro | neurologist |
| OS | Orthopedic surgeon |
| Ortho | orthopedic |
| PM | pain management doctor |
| PCP | primary care physician |
| Rheumy | rheumatologist |
| ACM | arnold chiari malformation |
| AS | aspergers syndrome |
| CFS | chronic fatigue syndrome |
| CMP | chronic myofascial pain |
| CTD | connective tissue disease |
| CRPS | complex regional pain syndrome |
| DDD | degenerative disc disease |
| FMS | fibromyalgia |
| GS | gluten sensitivity |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| PN | peripheral neuropathy |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RSI | repetative strain injury |
| RSD | reflex sympathetic dystrophy |
| SLE | lupus |
| TMJ | temporomandibular joint disorder |
| TOS | thoracic outlet syndrome, terms of service |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| BID | twice a day |
| TID | three times a day |
| QID | four times a day |
| PRN | as needed |
| q4h | every 4 hours |
| a.c. | before meals |
| p.c. or PP | after meals |
| h.s. | at bedtime |
| p.o. | orally |
| AD | antidepressant |
| AED | antiepileptic drug |
| LA | long acting |
| SA | short acting |
| BT | breakthrough medication |
| ER | extended release |
| CR | controlled release |
| SR | sustained release |
| IR | immediate release |
| APAP | acetaminophen/tylenol (known as paracetamol in other parts of the world) |
| OTC | over the counter (no prescription from doctor needed) |
| DNR | Do not resusitate. This is a specific order not to revive a patient artificially if they succumb to illness. If patient is given a DNR order, they are not resusitated if they are near death and no code blue is called. |
| DOE | Dyspnea on exertion. Shortness of breath with activity |
| DTR | Deep tendon reflexes. These are reflexes that the doctor tests by banging on the tendons with a rubber hammer. |
| DVT | Deep venous thrombosis (blood clot in large vein) |
| ETIH | alcohol. ETOH intake history is often recorded as part of a patient history. |
| FX, Fx | fracture |
| GOMER | Slang for "get out of my emergency room." |
| gtt | drops |
| H&H | History and physical examination |
| H/O or h/o | History of. A past event that occurred. |
| HA | headache |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| I&D | incision and drainage |
| IMP | Impression. This is the summary conclusion of the patient by the healthcare practitioner at that particular date and time. |
| in vitro | in the laboratory |
| in vivo | in the body |
| IU | international units |
| JT | Joint |
| K | potassium. An essential electrolyte frequently monitored regularly in intensive care. |
| KCL | Postasium Chloride |
| LBP | Lower back pain. LBP is one of the most common medical complaints. |
| LLQ | lower left quadrant. Diverticulitis pain is often in the LLQ of the abdomen. |
| LUQ | left upper quadrant. The spleen is located in the LUQ of the abdomen. |
| Lytes | Electrolytes (potassium, sodium, carbon dioxide, and chloride). |
| MCL | Medial collateral ligament |
| mg | miligrams |
| MVP | Mitral valve prolapse |
| N/V | nausea or vomiting |
| Na | Sodium. An essential electrolyte frequency monitored regularly in intensive care. |
| npo | nothing by mouth. For example, if a patient was about to undergo a surgical operation requiring general anesthesia, they may be required to avoid food or beverage prior to the procedure. |
| O&P | Ova and parasites. Stool O&P is tested in the laboratory to detect parasitic infection in persons with chronic diarrhea. |
| O.D. | Right Eye |
| O.S. | Left Eye |
| O.U. | Both Eyes |
| ORIF | Open reduction and internal fixation, such as with the orthopedic repair of a hip fracture. |
| P | Pulse. Pulse is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs." |
| p.o. | By mouth or per os |
| p.r.n. | As needed. It is nt always done, but done only when the situation calls for it. |
| PERRLA | pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accomodation |
| Plt | Platelets, one of the blood forming elements along with the white and red blood cells. |
| PMI | Point of maximum impulse of the heat when felt during examination, as in beats against the chest. |
| q.d. | each day |
| q.i.d. | four times daily |
| q2h | every two hours |
| q3h | every three hours |
| qAM | Each morning |
| qhs | at each bedtime |
| qod | every other day |
| qPM | Each evening |
| R/O | Rule out. Doctors frequently will rule out various possible diagnosis when figuring out the correct diagnosis. |
| REB | rebound, as in rebound tenderness of the abdomen when pushed in and then released. |
| RLQ | Right lower quadrant. The appedix is loacted in the RLQ of the abdomen. |
| ROS | Review of Systems. An oveall review concerns relating to the organ systems, such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. |
| RUQ | The liver is located in the RUQ of the abdomen. |
| s/p | Status post. For example, a peson who had a knee operation would be a s/p a knee operation. |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| SQ | Subcutaneous. This is a typical notation when noting or ordering an injection (hot given into the fatty tissue under the skin, such as insulin for diabetes mellitus. |
| T | Temperature. Temperature is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs." |
| T&A | Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
| t.i.d. | Three times daily |
| tab | tablet |
| TAH | total abdominal hysterectomy. |
| THR | Total hip replacement |
| TKR | Total knee replacement |
| UA or u/a | Urinalysis. A UA is part of a comprehensive physical examination. |
| URI | Upper respiratory infection, such as sinusitis or the common cold. |
| UTI | Urinary tract infection |
| VSS | Vital signs are stable. this notion means that from the standpoint of the temperature, blood pressure, abd pulse, the patient is doing well. |
| Wt | Weight. Body weight is often recorded a physical examination. |
| PCL | Posterior cruciate ligament |
Created by:
aenoi1
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