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Space charge
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RAD Ch. 5 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Filament A coil of tungsten wire that is the source of electrons for x-ray production.
Space charge An area, filled with electrons created by thermionic emission, that are available for x-ray production.
Target A hard, smooth, slanted metal surface that is bombarded with fast moving electrons
Thermionic emission An electron cloud formed when electrons in the outermost shells get so far from the nucleus that they are no longer held in orbit.
Electron stream Fast moving electrons from the cathode to the anode.
Bremsstrahlung An x-ray photon formed by a change in kinetic energy as an incoming electron changes direction when it nears the nucleus of a target atom.
Heterogeneous Made up of many different wavelengths
Characteristic radiation An x-ray photon formed by the collision of an incoming electron with an inner shell electron.
Focusing cup A hollow area on the cathode containing the filament.
Dual-focus Having two filaments, one small and one large.
Focal spot The area on the target that is struck by the electron stream during the exposure.
Rotating Anode A spinning disc, coated with tungsten on the beveled edge, that is struck by the electron stream during the exposure.
Target angle The slant of the anode surface.
Focal track The tungsten focal area all around the beveled edge of the rotating anode.
Effective focal spot The vertical projection of the electron stream. Influences image sharpness.
Actual focal spot An area on the target surface that is struck by the electron stream.
Line focus principle The result of the electron stream striking an angled target and thus becoming smaller. The steeper the target angle, the greater the difference in size.
Anode Heel Effect The uneven distribution of radiation intensity. Greatest toward the cathode side of the tube.
Filtration The process of removing the long-wavelength photons from the x-ray beam.
Kilovolts peak (kVp) The unit used to measure voltage across the x-ray tube.
Milliampere-seconds (mAs) The unit used to indicate the quantity of exposure. The product of mA and exposure time.
Tungsten (W) A metal element; a large atom with 74 electrons in orbit around its nucleus.
Millisecond (msec) A small unit of measurement. One of these equals 0.001 seconds.
Exposure time The length of time that the x-rays are turned on.
Created by: mshearer10
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