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Week 6-2
Social Change & Social Movements Glossary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| collective behavior | behavior that occurs when the usual conventions are suspended and people collectively establish new norms of behavior in response to an emerging situation |
| cyclical theory | the idea that societies go through a "life cycle," as for example from idealistic through hedonistic culture and back to idealistic |
| evolutionary theory | the idea that societies go through stages of advancement, as from structurally undifferentiated to more complex and structurally differentiated |
| globalization | increased economic, political, and social interconnectedness and interdependence among societies in the world |
| macrochange | gradual transformations in a society that occur on a broad scale and affect many aspects of a society making cost/benefit analysis in deciding, for example, how many children to have |
| microchange | subtle alterations in the day-today interaction between people, such as a fad "catching on" |
| mobilization | the process by which social movements and their leaders secure people and resources for their movement |
| modernization | a process of social and cultural change that is initiated by industrialization and followed by increased social differentiation and division of labor |
| multidimensional evolutionary theory | a theory predicting that over time societies follow not one but several evolutionary paths |
| new social movement theory | a theory about social movements linking culture, ideology, and identity conceptually to explain how new identities are forged within social movements |
| political process theory | explanation of social movements positing that movements achieve success by exploiting a combination of internal organizational factors as well as external changes in society |
| radical movements | social movements that seek fundamental change in the structure of society |
| reactionary movements | social movements organized to resist change or to reinstate an earlier social order that participants perceive to be better |
| reform movements | social movements that seek change through legal or other mainstream political means, by working within existing institutions |
| resource mobilization theory | theory of how social movements develop that focuses on how movements gain momentum by successfully garnering organizational resources |
| social movements | a group that acts with some continuity and organization to promote or resist change in society |
| unidimensional evolutionary theory | a theory that predicts that societies over time follow a single path from simple and structurally undifferentiated to more complex and structurally differentiated |
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