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220 Unit 2
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aldosteronism | uncommon cause of hypertension where blood contains abnormally high levels of aldasterone (mineral corticoid) produced by adrenal gland. |
| Catecholemines | one of many biologically active amines, including metanephrine, dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine, derived from amino acid tyrosine. |
| Cretinism | congenital condition caused by lack of thyroid hormones, characterized by arrested physical and mental development, myxedema, dystrophy of bones, and soft tissues, lowered basal metabolism. |
| Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 | Chronic metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia. Results from failure of pancreas to produce insulin, insulin dependent. |
| Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 | insulin resistance with inadequate insulin secretion to sustain normal metabolism. |
| Endocrine Gland | ductless gland secretes one or more hormones into capillaries. Includes pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, islets of pancreas, gonads. |
| Euthyroid | normally functioning thyroid. |
| Exophthalmos | abnormal anterior protrusion of eyeball. May be due to the thyrotoxicosis, tumor of orbit, orbital cellulitis, leukemia, aneurysm, or vascular malformation. |
| Glucocorticoid | general classification of adrenal cortical hormones that are primarily active in protecting against stress and in affecting protein and carb metabolism most importantly, cortisol. |
| Gluconeogensis | formation of glucose from excess amino acids, fats, or other non-carbohydrate sources. |
| Glucosuria | abnormal amounts of glucose in urine. |
| Glycogenesis | conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver and muscles. |
| Goiter | thyroid gland enlargement (thyroiditis, benign nodules, malignancy, iodine deficiency). |
| Hormone | Substance originating in an organ, gland, or body part, conveyed through the blood to another body part, chemically, stimulating that part to increase or decrease functional activity or increase or decrease secretion of another. |
| Hyperglycemia | abnormally high blood sugar level. |
| Hypoglycemia | abnormally low blood sugar level. |
| Ketoacidosis | acidosis due to excess ketone bodies, (individuals do not produce adequate insulin to sustain normal fat metabolism). |
| Kussmaul | deep, gasping respiration associated with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. |
| Macroangiopathy | Angiopathy means disease of the blood vessels. fat and blood clots build up in the large blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and block the flow of blood. Three kinds of macroangiopathy are: coronary artery disease (in the heart), cerebrovascular di |
| Microangiopathy | pathology of the small blood vessels. With microangiopathy, the walls of very small blood vessels (capillaries) become so thick and weak that they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood. |
| Mineralcorticoid | steroid hormone like aldasterone regulates the retention and excretion of fluids and electrolytes by the kidneys. |
| Nephropathy | disease of the kidneys. Inflammatory (nephritis) degenerative (nephrosis) or sclerotic lesions. |
| Neuropathy | any disease of the nerves. |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| Polyphagia | eating abnormally large amounts of food. |
| Polyuria | excessive urination. |
| Retinopathy | non-inflmatory retinal damage or disease. |
| Angio | combining forms denoting lymph or blood vessel. |
| Glycol | combining forms indicating a relationship to sugars or the presence of glycerol or similar substance. |
Created by:
CJWight
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