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APHG Ch5 Language
Rubenstein Ch 5 Language
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Creole | A number of distinct ethnic groups in various countries; mix of culture. |
Dialect | A variety of a language characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers-each area has their own sounds or words specific to that region. |
Indo-European Languages | A branch of the language tree- comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects,including most of the major languages of Europe, South Asia, Southwest Asia, and much of Central Asia. Includes English. |
Isogloss | A boundary that separates different regions that speak different languages. |
Language | A system of communication through the use of speech, collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning. |
Language family | A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history. |
Language group | A clustering of languages that share the same branch and followed a similar path in recent history. |
Lingua franca | Any language widely used beyond the population of its native speakers. Becomes popular primarily by being used for international commerce, but can be accepted in other cultural exchanges, especially diplomacy. |
Monolingual | The ability to speak only one language. |
Multilingual | The ability to speak two or more languages. |
Official Language | Recognized by the government of the corresponding nation based on the importance and population who speak the language(s). For example; in Canada English and French are spoken. |
Pidgin | Simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common. They are not the native language of any speech community, but are instead learned as second language. |
Toponymy | The study of place names, their origins, meanings and use. |
Trade Language | A language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commerce. |