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Chapter 4
Pathology terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abrasion | scraping away of skin or mucous membranes |
| acne | disease of the sebacecous (oil) glands and hair follicles in the skin |
| actinic keratosis | precancerous condition in which rough, scaly patches of skin develop, after sun exposure |
| alopecia | autoimmune disease that results in loss of hair |
| basal cell carcinoma | common type of skin cancer that appears as a small, shiny papule and eventually enlarges |
| bulla | large blister or skin vesicle filled with fluid |
| burn | type of thermal injury to the skin |
| callus | thickened, hardened, toughened area of skin caused by frequent pressure |
| carbuncle | very large furuncle or cluster of connected furuncles |
| cellulitis | potenially serious bacerial skin infection marked by pain, redness, edema, warmth and fever |
| comedo | blackhead |
| corn | small callus that develops on smooth, hairless skin surfaces |
| cyst | fluid or solid containing pouch in or under skin |
| ecchymosis, contusion | discoloration of the skin or bruise |
| eczema | inflammatory skin condition marked by red, hot, dry, scaly, cracked and ichy skin or blisters |
| epidermoid cyst | small sac or pouch below the skin surface conaining a thick, cheesy substance |
| fissure | small, cracklike break in the skin |
| folliculitis | inflammation of the hair follicles, marked by rash with small red bumps, pustules and tenderness |
| frostbite | injury to skin when tissue is exposed to temps cold enough to cause freeze |
| furnucle | infection of a near by follicle and nearby tissue, also called a boil |
| impetigo | bacterial skin infection marked by yellow to red weeping, crusted or pustular lesions, common in children |
| lyme disease | bacterial infection transmitted by ticks, marked by erythema migrans, cirular rash, can cause multisystem symptoms |
| macule | flat, discolored spot on the skin such as a freckle |
| malignant melanoma | aggressive form of skin cancer that often begins as various colored asymmetrical lesions larger than 6 mm |
| melasma | development of irregular areas of darker- pigmented skin on the forehead, nose, cheek etc |
| papule | small raised spot or bump on the skin, such as a mole |
| paronychia | acute or chronic infection of the margins of the finger- or toenail, marked by warmth, edema, pus, pain , throbbing |
| pediculosis | infestation of head, body or pubic lice, marked by itching and the apprearence of lice on the body (white eggs) |
| petechiae | tiny red or purple hemorrhagic spots |
| psoriasis | chronic, inflammatory skin disorder marked by scaly silvery white patches |
| puncture | hole or wound made by sharp, pointed instrument |
| pustule | small, pus-filled blister |
| rosacea | chronic condition that causes flushing and redness of the face, neck and chest |
| scabies | contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, insect burrows |
| scales | area of skin that is excessively dry and flasky |
| sebaceous cyst | small sac or pouch below the skin surface filled with a thick fluid sebum |
| seborrheic keratosis | benign, flat, irregularly shaped skin growths of various colors with a warty and waxy look |
| squamous cell of carcinoma | type of cancer that usually appears in the mouth, esophagus, bronchi, lungs, or vagina and uterine cervix, marked by a firm, red nodule or scaly apprearence; may ulcerate |
| tinea | fungal skin disease occuring on various parts of the body; also called ringworm |
| ulcer | lesion of the skin or mucous membranes, marked by inflammation, necrosis and sloughing of damaged tissues |
| vesicle | clear, fluid - filled blister |
| vitiligo | chronic skin disease tat results in patchy loss of skin pigment, may also affect hair color and cause white patches or streaks |
| wart | small, benign skin tumor caused by various strains of human papiloma virus, small- large bumps |
| wheal | rounded, temporary elevation in the skin, white in the center with red- pink periphery along with itching. |
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