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Respiratory Vocabula
NUR 122
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aerosol | nebulized particles suspended in a gas or in air |
| Alveoli | terminal air sacs of the lungs where gas exchange occurs |
| Antitussive | any of a large group of opioid and nonopioid drugs that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems to suppress the cough reflex |
| Antitubercular | any agent or group of drugs used to treat tuberculosis. At least two drugs, and usually three, are required in various combinations in pulmonary tuberculosis therapy |
| Apnea | cessation of breathing |
| Asphyxia | condition in which an extreme decrease in the amount of oxygen in the body accompanied by an increase of carbon dioxide leads to loss of consciousness or death |
| Asthma | chronic (long-lasting) inflammatory disease of the airways |
| Atelectasis | collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of one lung |
| Bronchitis | inflammation of the air passages between the nose and the lungs, including the windpipe or trachea and the larger air tubes of the lung that bring air in from the trachea (bronchi) |
| Bronchoscopy | a procedure in which a cylindrical fiberoptic scope is inserted into the airways. This scope contains a viewing device that allows the visual examination of the lower airways |
| Cheyne-Stokes respirations | breathing with rhythmic waxing and waning of depth of breaths and regularly recurring apneic periods; death is pending |
| Cilia | tiny, hair-like projections from a cell. In the respiratory tract, cilia beat constantly in order to move mucus and debris up and out of the respiratory tree, in order to protect the lung from infection or irritation by foreign bodies |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Crackles | a small, sharp sound heard on auscultation, like rubbing bristly hair together between your fingers. Also characteristic of emphysema, especially when it is subcutaneous. An early observation in pleurisy but disappears as exudate separates pleural surf |
| Cyanosis | a physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood |
| Decongestant | medication or treatment that breaks up congestion, as that of the sinuses, by reducing swelling |
| Diaphragm | the musculomembranous partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities and serving as a major muscle aiding inhalation |
| Dyspnea | difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath, typically associated with some form of heart or lung disease |
| Emphysema | a chronic respiratory disease where there is over-inflation of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, causing a decrease in lung function, and often, breathlessness |
| Epistaxis | nosebleed |
| Expectorant | pertaining to a substance that promotes the ejection of mucus or other exudates from the lung, bronchi, and trachea |
| Functional Residual | the capacity is volume of air remaining in lungs after normal expiration. |
| Hemoptysis | coughing up of blood or bloody sputum from the lungs or airway. It may be either self-limiting or recurrent. Massive hemoptysis is defined as 200-600 mL of blood coughed up within a period of 24 hours or less |
| Hypercapnia | increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood characterized by somnolence and confusion due to increased CO2 levels. Also called hypercarbia. |
| Hypertrophy | increased size of an organ due to increased cell size. |
| Hyperventilation | condition in which the body exhales carbon dioxide at a rate faster than which it is being produced |
| Hypoventilation | Reduced ventilation in the lungs' air sacs resulting in above normal carbon dioxide pressure |
| Hypoxia | Insufficient levels of oxygen in blood or tissue |
| Intubation | the insertion of a tube into a body canal or hollow organ, as into the trachea |
| Kussmaul respirations | Deep, rapid respiration characteristic of diabetic acidosis or other conditions causing acidosis. Also called Kussmaul-Kien respiration |
| Laryngectomy | partial or complete surgical removal of the larynx, usually as a treatment for cancer of the larynx |
| Lobectomy | the surgical excision of one or more lobes of a lung |
| Metered Dose Inhalers | a device designed to deliver a measured dose of an inhaled drug |
| Nebulizer | device used to reduce liquid to an extremely fine cloud, especially for delivering medication to the deep part of the respiratory tract |
| Orthopnea | an abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably |
| Oxygenation | the process of combining or treating with oxygen |
| Perfusion | injection of fluid into a blood vessel in order to reach an organ or tissues, usually to supply nutrients and oxygen |
| Phrenic nerve | cervical plexus (C4–C5); branches, pericardiac and phrenicoabdominal branches; distribution, pleura, pericardium, diaphragm, peritoneum, and sympathetic plexuses; modality, general sensory and motor |
| Pleural effusion | occurs when too much fluid collects in the pleural space (the space between the two layers of the pleura). It is commonly known as "water on the lungs." It is characterized by shortness of breath, chest pain, gastric discomfort (dyspepsia), and cough |
| Pleurisy | inflammation of the parietal pleura of the lungs. It is characterized by dyspnea and stabbing pain, leading to restriction of ordinary breathing with spasm of the chest on the affected side. A pleural friction rub may be heard on auscultation |
| Pneumonia | infection of the lung that can be caused by nearly any class of organism known to cause human infections. These include bacteria, amoebae, viruses, fungi, and parasites |
| Pneumonectomy | surgical removal of all or part of a lung |
| Pneumothorax | collection of air or gas in the chest or pleural space that causes part or all of a lung to collapse |
| Postural drainage | therapeutic drainage in bronchiectasis and lung abscess by placing the patient head downward so that the trachea will be inclined below the affected area |
| Pulmonary Embolus | obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus |
| Pulmonary function tests | measure lung volume & air flow |
| Rhonchi | coarse rattling sound somewhat like snoring, usually caused by secretion in a bronchial tube |
| Tachypnea | an excessively rapid respiration. |
| Thoracentesis | also known as pleural fluid analysis, thoracentesis is a procedure that removes fluid or air from the chest through a needle or tube |
| Thoracotomy | a surgical opening into the thoracic cavity |
| Tidal volume | the amount of air inhaled and exhaled each normal breath. |
| Tracheostomy | opening through the neck into the trachea through which a tube may be inserted to maintain an effective airway and help a patient breathe |
| Ventilation | the exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, including inhalation and exhalation. |
| Wheezes | breathe with difficulty, producing a hoarse whistling sound |
Created by:
husseyj
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