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EsophagealCancer
n/a
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Esophageal Cancer | A malignant neoplasm of the esophagus. Majority of tumours are located in the middle and lower portion of the esophagus. |
Predisposing factors | Two important risk factors include smoking and excessive alcohol use. Diets low in fruits and vegtables. Certain minerals and vitamins. Achalasia, exposure to asbestos and metal & history of swallowing LYE. |
S & Sx | Progressive dysphagia. Pain to the epigastric area. Sore throat, hoarseness and weight loss. |
Complications | Hemorrhage if cancer erodes via the esophagus and into the aorta. Esophageal perforation with fistula into the lung/trachea. Obstruction of the esophagus. Spreads via to the liver & lungs. |
Dx | Barium swallow, endoscopy with ultrasound, bronchoscopic exam, CT & MRI scans. |
Care: | Poor prognosis due to usual late stage diagnosis. Best results with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. |
Nutrition Therapy | After surgery, patients are on TPN fluids. When bowel sounds return, 30-60 ml of water given hourly. . Small and frequent bland meals. Position upright when feeding to prevent regurgitation of fluid. |
Nutrition Therapy II | Observe for signs of leakage into the mediastinum. S & SX include pain, increased temp. and dyspnea. Observe for food intolerance. S & SX include N/V & ab distention. |