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Fluids &Electrolytes

Fluids and electrolytes and ABGs

QuestionAnswer
the elderly and the very young are more likely to experience severe consequences with even minor changes in the fluid balance
the four main functions of water in the body vehicle for transportation of substances to and from the cells`/ aids in heat regulation/ maintain hydrogen balance/ serves as a medium for the enzymatic action of digestion
intracellular fluid fluid within the cell is considered to be in one compartment
extracellular fluid (ECF) fluid outside the cell.
the kidneys fluid is mainly excreted by this organ
Avenues of intake of water in 24 HRS oral fluids 1500ml/ food 800ml/ metabolism 200ml to total 2500ml
Avenues of Output of water in 24 hours urine 1500ml/ perspiration 400ml/ feces 200ml/ expired air 400ml to total 2500ml
control of fluid balance is managed by: the thirst mechanism/ anti diuretic hormones (ADH)/ aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch
Extracellular Fluid approximately 1/2 of total body water. transports water, nutrients, oxygen, waste. to and from cells. regulated by renal, metabolic, and neurological factors. High Sodium content
Intravascular Fluid fluid within the blood vessels. consists of plasma and fluid within blood cells. contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes.
Interstitial Fluid fluid in the spaces surrounding the cells. high in Sodium content
Transcellular Fluid
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