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TL Bone Labs
Lab values pertinent to musculoskeletal disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Antinuclear Antibodies. | ANAs destroy the nucleus of cells where the DNA lives |
| What does a positive ANA test indicate? | not definitive but indication of auto-antibodies suggesting the presence of an autoimmune disease |
| Give some examples of conditions that would result in a positive ANA test. | Scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus |
| What is the normal reference value for Calcium in adults? | 9-11mg/dL |
| Why do we care about Calcium values when we are monitoring a client neuromuscular function? | Calcium is one of the most abundant electrolytes in the body that causes neuromuscular irritability and contractions |
| List some possible causes of low serum calcium levels. | osteomalacia, inadequate dietary intake, renal disease, hypoparathyroidism |
| What dietary choices would you recommend to a client with low serum calcium? | Green vegetables, broccoli, sardines, salmon with bone, diary- milk, cheese, yogurt |
| List some possible causes of high serum calcium levels. | bone neoplasm, multiple fractures, immobilization, renal calculi, hyperparathyroidism |
| What is the normal reference value for serum phosphorus? | 2.5 – 4.5 mg/dL |
| What relationship exists between calcium and phosphorus levels? | inverse |
| What are some possible causes of low serum phosphorus? | hypercalcemia, starvation, malabsorption syndrome, osteomaliacia, vitamin D deficiency |
| What are some possible causes of high serum phosphorus? | healing fractures, metastatic bone tumors, renal failure, and hypocalcemia |
| What is the normal reference value for Rheumatoid Factor? | negative to <1:20 |
| Define the RF test. | screening blood test used to detect antibodies (IGM, IGA, or IGG) foundin clients with rheumatoid arthritis, but may be indicative of disease other than rheumatoid arthritis |
| What is the normal value for ESR? | <20mm/hr |
| Define the ESR test. | nonspecific serologic test that measures the rate at which RBCs settle out of unclotted blood in mm/hr |
| What does an elevated ESR indicate? | inflammatory process such as in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and osteomyelitis |
| What is the normal value for Uric Acid in males? | 4.5 -6.5mg/dL |
| What is the normal Uric Acid value for females? | 2.5-5.5 mg/dL |
| What is Uric Acid? | the end product of purine metabolism |
| How is uric acid normally eliminated from the body? | the kidneys |
| What does an uric acid test tell us? | usually used to monitor serum uric acid levels in the treatment of gout, also may be used to diagnose other health problems |
| What are some possible causes of elevated uric acid levels? | gout, poor renal function, excessive purine metabolism, excessive dietary intake of purine foods |
| What foods are high in purines? | anchovies, sardines, oils, herring, organ meat (liver, kidney, and sweetbreads), legumes (dried beans and peas), gravies, mushrooms, spinach, asparagus, cauliflower, consommé, and baking or brewer's yeast |
Created by:
Perseverandovercome
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