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Sociology Ch. 3
Keys terms for nursing prerequisite: Sociology Unit 2 Chapter 3: Culture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Counterculture | Groups that rejects the norms and values of dominant culture and have a distinctive way of life that is in conflict with dominant culture's norms and values |
| Culture | The values, ideas, beliefs, behaviors, language, and material objects that form a people's distinctive way of life and are transmitted from one generation to the next. |
| Cultural relativism | the evaluation of the practices and customs of a culture by that culture's own standards. |
| Culture shock | the disorientation people feel when they are exposed to a way of life that is very different from their own. |
| culture universals | Those customs, traits, and behaviors that occur in every known culture |
| Ethnocentrism | The practice of evaluating other cultures by the values and standards of one's own culture |
| Folkways | Norms and customs of lesser moral signigicance that guide everyday interaction, and which may be violated without serious consequences |
| High Culture | Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite from the other classes in a society |
| Ideal culture | The values a culture professes to be very important |
| Incest Taboo | A cutural universal that forbids sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives. |
| Language | A set of symbols that allows people to think and communicate with each other. |
| Laws | Formal norms created by a society's government that are punishable by official sanctions when violated |
| Material culture | The tangible objects that members of a society use, share, and create |
| Mores | Norms of considerable moral significance that carry serious consequences if violated. |
| Nonmaterial culture | The intangible parts of a society, such as ideas, values, beliefs, norms, and language, that shape peoples' behaviors |
| Norms | Specific rules that specify how someone is expected to act in a certain situation |
| Real culture | The actual values embodied in the everyday behavior of members of a specific culture |
| Sapir-Whorf hypothesis | States that language shapes the specific way people understand, view, and interpret reality |
| Subculture | A group of people that possess some cultural patterns that distinguishes it from the larger society |
| Symbol | Anything that carries a specific meaning recognised and understood by people in the same culture, including sounds, gestures, and written representation |
| Values | General evaluative standards by which members of a specific culture determine what is right and wrong, desirable or undesirable, and good and bad |
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