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JOAC Terms
Joint Operational Access Concept 01/12 Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| airborne | In relation to personnel, troops especially trained to effect, following transport by air, an assault debarkation, either by parachuting or touchdown. |
| air SUPERIORITY | That degree of dominance in the air battle of one force over another that permits the conduct of operations by the former and its related land, sea, and air forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force. |
| air SUPREMACY | That degree of air superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference. |
| amphibious force (AF) | An amphibious task force and a landing force together with other forces that are trained, organized, and equipped for amphibious operations. Also called AF. |
| antiaccess | Those capabilities, usually long-range, designed to prevent an advancing enemy from entering an operational area. [JOAC] |
| area-denial | Those capabilities, usually of shorter range, designed not to keep the enemy out but to limit his freedom of action within the operational area. [JOAC] |
| assured access | The unhindered national use of the global commons and select sovereign territory, waters, airspace and cyberspace, achieved by projecting all the elements of national power. [JOAC] |
| combat | A category of military activity that aims to defeat an armed enemy through the application of force. [CCJO] |
| combined arms | More than one tactical branch, arm or specialty of a single Service employed together in operations. [Adapted from AR 310-25, Dictionary of U.S. Army Terms] |
| command and control | The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. |
| cross-domain synergy | The complementary vice merely additive employment of capabilities in different domains such that each enhances the effectiveness and compensates for the vulnerabilities of the others. [JOAC] |
| cyber defense | The integrated application of DoD or U.S. Government cyberspace capabilities and processes to synchronize in real-time the ability to detect, analyze and mitigate threats and vulnerabilities, and outmaneuver adversaries, in order to defend designate |
| three parts of cyber defense | Proactive NetOps: (e.g., configuration control, information assurance (IA) measures, physical security and secure architecture design, intrusion detection, firewalls, signature updates, encryption of data at rest); Defensive Counter Cyber (DCC): In |
| cyberspace | 1. A global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers |
| cyberspace operations | The employment of cyber capabilities where the primary purpose is to achieve objectives in or through cyberspace. Such operations include computer network operations and activities to operate and defend the Global Information Grid. [From ―Joint T |
| cyberspace superiority | The degree of dominance in cyberspace by one force that permits the secure, reliable conduct of operations by that force, and its related land, air, sea and space forces at a given time and sphere of operations without prohibitive interference by a |
| deception | Those measures designed to mislead the enemy by manipulation, distortion, or falsification of evidence to induce the enemy to react in a manner prejudicial to the enemy's interests. See also military deception—Actions executed to deliberately misl |
| domain superiority | That degree of dominance of one force over another in a domain that permits the conduct of operations by the former at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the latter. [JOAC] |
| electromagnetic deception | The deliberate radiation, re-radiation, alteration, suppression, absorption, denial, enhancement, or reflection of electromagnetic energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information to an enemy or to enemy electromagnetic-dependent weapon |
| electromagnetic spectrum | The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity. It is divided into 26 alphabetically designated bands. |
| electronic attack | Division of electronic warfare involving the use of electromagnetic energy, directed energy, or antiradiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability an |
| engagement | A category of military activity that seeks to improve the capabilities of or cooperation with allied and other partners. [CCJO] |
| fires | The use of weapon systems to create a specific lethal or nonlethal effect on a target. |
| force projection | The ability to project the military instrument of national power from the United States or another theater, in response to requirements for military operations. |
| forcible entry | Seizing and holding of a military lodgment in the face of armed opposition. (JP 3-18) |
| forcible entry (JOAC working definition) | Projection of land forces onto hostile territory in the face of armed opposition. |
| freedom of navigation operations | Operations conducted to demonstrate U.S. or international rights to navigate air or sea routes. |
| global commons | Areas of air, sea, space and cyberspace that belong to no one state. Access to the global commons is vital to U.S. national interests, both as an end in itself and as a means to projecting military force into hostile territory. |
| information environment | The aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information. |
| information operations | The integrated employment, during military operations, of information-related capabilities in concert with other lines of operation to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decision-making of adversaries and potential adversaries while protecti |
| intelligence | The product resulting from the collection, processing, integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of available information concerning foreign nations, hostile or potentially hostile forces or elements, or areas of actual or potential ope |
| joint force | A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements, assigned or attached, of two or more Military Departments operating under a single joint force commander. |
| joint functions | Related capabilities and activities grouped together to help joint force commanders synchronize, integrate, and direct joint operations. Functions that are common to joint operations at all levels of war fall into six basic groups—command and cont |
| joint synergy | The combination of Service capabilities such that each enhances the effectiveness and compensates for the vulnerabilities of the others. [CCJO v3.0] |
| joint task force (JTF) | A joint force that is constituted and so designated by the Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a sub-unified commander, or an existing joint task force commander. |
| landing force (LF) | A Marine Corps or Army task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. The landing force, together with the amphibious task force and other forces, constitute the amphibious force. Also called LF. |
| line of communications | A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an operating military force with a base of operations and along which supplies and military forces move. |
| maritime SUPERORITY | That degree of dominance of one force over another that permits the conduct of maritime operations by the former and its related land, sea, and air forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force. |
| maritime SUPREMACY | That degree of maritime superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference. |
| mission command | The conduct of military operations through decentralized execution based upon mission-type orders. |
| mission-type order | 1. An order issued to a lower unit that includes the accomplishment of the total mission assigned to the higher headquarters. 2. An order to a unit to perform a mission without specifying how it is to be accomplished. |
| movement and maneuver | This joint function encompasses disposing joint forces to conduct campaigns, major operations, and other contingencies by securing positional advantages before combat operations commence and by exploiting tactical success to achieve operational and |
| objective area | A defined geographical area within which is located an objective to be captured or reached by the military forces. This area is defined by competent authority for purposes of command and control. |
| operational access | The ability to project military force into an operational area with sufficient freedom of action to accomplish the mission. |
| operational area | An overarching term encompassing more descriptive terms for geographic areas in which military operations are conducted. Operational areas include, but are not limited to, such descriptors as area of responsibility, theater of war, theater of oper |
| point of embarkation | The geographic point in a routing scheme from which cargo or personnel depart. This may be a seaport or aerial port from which personnel and equipment flow to a port of debarkation; for unit and non-unit requirements, it may or may not coincide wi |
| power projection | The ability of a nation to apply all or some of its elements of national power - political, economic, informational, or military - to rapidly and effectively deploy and sustain forces in and from multiple dispersed locations to respond to crises, t |
| protection | The preservation of the effectiveness and survivability of mission- related military and nonmilitary personnel, equipment, facilities, information, and infrastructure deployed or located within or outside the boundaries of a given operational area. |
| reachback | The process of obtaining products, services, and applications, or forces, or equipment, or materiel from organizations that are not forward deployed. |
| relief and reconstruction | A category of military activity that seeks to restore essential civil services in the wake of combat, a breakdown of civil order, or a natural disaster. [CCJO] |
| seabasing | The deployment, assembly, command, projection, reconstitution, and re-employment of joint power from the sea without reliance on land bases within the operational area. |
| security | A category of military activity that seeks to protect and control civil populations, territory and resources, whether friendly, hostile or neutral. [CCJO] |
| space | A medium like the land, sea, and air within which military activities shall be conducted to achieve U.S. national security objectives. |
| space situational awareness | The requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations depend - including physical, virtual, and human domains - as well as all factors, activities, and events of friendly |
| staging | Assembling, holding, and organizing arriving personnel, equipment, and sustaining materiel in preparation for onward movement. The organizing and preparation for movement of personnel, equipment, and materiel at designated areas to incrementally b |
| strategic distance | A descriptor for action originating outside the operational area, often from home station. [JOAC] |
| sustainment | The provision of logistics and personnel services required to maintain and prolong operations until successful mission accomplishment. |
| unmanned aircraft | An aircraft or balloon that does not carry a human operator and is capable of flight under remote control or autonomous programming. [Note: Includes remotely piloted aircraft, remotely piloted vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned aircr |
| weapons of mass destruction (WMD) | Chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons capable of a high order of destruction or causing mass casualties and exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where such means is a separable and divisible part from the weap |
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