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AMST418B
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bolter and Grusin, Remediation | Media are always drawing from and paying homage to previous media), Media/technology aren’t “new” ideas, they go back to other things and are cyclical, NOT a linear trajectory. (Marshall McLuhan) |
| Why do we trace a medium’s genealogy? | To avoid “technological determinism” (the idea that technology drives us by changing our lives when we drive IT) and To understand the future directions of media. |
| Immediacy | Interfaceless interface. Get lost in the media like you're really in the game or painting. |
| Hypermediacy | Describes media whose intent it is to have the user SEE the media rather than see through the media, the medium is evident and you’re aware. Ex. Cubism |
| “The Secret Powers of Time” - Professor Philip Zimbardo | Animated short about how our brains are being digitally rewired and our individual perspectives of time affect our work, health and well-being. |
| “The Web Shatters Focus, Rewires Brains,” - Nicholas Carr | We are superficially learning due to numerous web distractions. |
| “How the Brain Science of Attention Will Transform The Way We Live, Work, and Learn” - Cathy Davidson | Monotasking, was it ever real? No. |
| What are the two perspectives on multitasking? | Everything has changed - We are practicing distracted reading & our brains are constantly readjusting. Nothing has changed - There has always been a new technology and humans have adjusted. |
| The Digital Divide | The ever-growing gap between those people and communities who have access to informational technology and those who do not. It is a problem of CONTENT, LITERACY, PEDAGOGY, & COMMUNITY. |
| “Mind the Gap: The Digital Divide as the Civil Rights Issue of the New Millennium” - Andy Carvin | Digital divide is a civil rights issue: so many things we need are online (jobs, education, government, etc.) |
| How many people use the internet? | 28.7% |
| “Internet Access is Not a Human Right,” - Vint Cerf | The Internet is valuable as a means to an end, not as an end in itself. |
| Not treating people as a "Standing Reserve" | Knowing the labor behind the things we purchase. |
| What is social inclusion? | Refers to the extent that individuals, families, and communities are able to fully participate in society and control their own destinies |
| The late 18th century... 1st | Key technologies: printing press, steam engine, machinery. Archetypical workplace: workshop. Organization: master apprentice- serf. |
| The late 19th century... 2nd | Key technologies: electricity, internal combustion, telegraph, telephone. Archetype workplace: factory. Organization: large verticle hierarchies. |
| The mid-late 20th century... 3rd | Key techs: transistor, personal comps, telecomm, net. Horizontal networks. Distinguished informationionalism form prior industrial stage: Sci/tech economic growth. Shift from material production to info processing. New forms of networked industrial orgs. |
| “Mobile Phones Bridging the Digital Divide for Teens in the US?” - Katie Brown, Scott Campbell, and Rich Ling, | Paradox: Teens with the least money are paying most to go online. Narrowing of the digital divide. Expensive to be poor. |
| Hybrid Space | Interactions are both dependent on both physical space and digital media. |
| “Why Youth (Heart) Social Network Sites” - Danah Boyd | Users can “write themselves and their community into being. They offer “a space to work out identity and status, make sense of cultural cues, and negotiate public life” |
| 4 characteristics of social networks: | Searchability, (search and discovery tools help people find like minds and ones digital body) Persistence (communications are recorded for posterity) Copyability. Invisible audiences. |
| Homopholy | Birds of a feather flock together. |
| “Race in/for Cyberspace” - Lisa Nakamura | Everyone is assumed to be white in online spaces like LamdaMOO. The only racial identities that pervade are stereotypical in nature |
| “Brown to Blonde at Gay.com: Passing White in Queer Cyberspce.” - Andil Gosine | The advent of cyberspace provided a new venue for non-white people to experience racial crossing into whiteness. |
| “Digital Cruising: Mobile and Locomotive Technologies in Gay Males Subculture” - Sharif Mowlabocus | Focuses on issues of movement, space and access as they present themselves within gay men’s digital culture (focus on mobile technology). |
| Digitally ‘Cruise’ | Looking for sex online. |
| “From Websites to Wal-Mart: Youth, Identity, Work and the Queering of Boundary Publics in Small Town, USA” - Mary L. Gray | How Kentucky young people use local support agencies, peer networks, and new media sites and technologies for “queer identity work- labor of identity construction to stable, coherent gay/lesbian categories” |
| “Rethinking Cyberfeminism(s): Race, Gender, and Embodiment” - . Jessie Daniels | Internet technologies can be an effective medium for resisting repressive gender regimes. |
| Jonathan Lazar & Paul Jaeger “Reducing barriers to online access for people with disabilities” | ○ Visually impaired (most affected) can’t see screens (screen-readers are faulty), motor impaired have hard time with keyboard and small buttons, hearing impaired face a lack of textual equivalents for audio content. |
| . Brian Wentz, Paul Jaeger, and Johnathan Lazar “Retrofitting accessibility: the legal inequality of after-the-fact online access for persons with disabilities in the United States” | New second class citizen is one without accessibility to technology in information age. Retrofitting a website is more costly than retrofitting a building. |
| Katie Ellis and Mike Kent, “iTunes is Pretty (Useless) When You’re Blind: Digital Design is Triggering Disability When it Could be a Solution” | Popularity of iPods and iPhones leaves disabled users in catch 22 (hottest technology, want to be part, can’t be). Digital does not always mean accessible. Screen readers not working as well with new websites (Web 2.0) |
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