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RN Oxygen Therapy

QuestionAnswer
Hypoxemia and hypoxia hypoxemia: low levels of oxygen in the blood. hypoxia: decreased tissue oxygenation, drive to breathe
Hazards and complications of oxygen therapy O2 induced- pt whose main respiratory drive is hypoxia. absorption- collapsed alveoli when inc O2 and Dec nitrogen (79%). Toxicity- O2 in 50% for 24-48hr
Nasal canuala (low-flow) 24-40% at 1-6L/min. ensure prongs are in nares properly. provide water-soluble jelly prn
simple facemask (low-flow) 40-60% at 5-8L/min; flow must be at least 5L to flush mask. monitor closely for aspiration.
Partial rebreather mask (low flow) 60-75% at 6-11L, flow rate high enough to maintain reservoir bag 2/3 full.
Venturi Masks (high flow) most accurate O2 concentration. 24-50% usually 4-10L. perform constant surveilancce to ensure an accurate flow rate. assess the pt for dry mucous membrane
Aerosol mask, face tent 24-100% with flow at least 10L/min. assess that aerosol mist escapes fron vents. empty condensation from tubing,
T-piece 24-100% with flow at least 10L/min. assess that aerosol mist escapes fron vents. empty condensation from tubing. make sure humidifier creates enough mist.
subcutaneous emphysema occurs when there is opening or teat in the trachea and air escapes into the tissue in the neck. can cause pulmonary edema
Tracheomalacia constant pressure exerted byt the cuff causes tracheal dilation and the erosion of cartilage. increased amount of air required to maintain seal.
Tracheal stenosis narrowed tracheal lumen is due to scar formation from irritation of tracheal mucosa by the cuff. stenosis is usually seen after the cuff is deflated. prevention is to prevent pulling on the tracheostomyy tube
tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) excessive cuff pressure causes erosion of the posterior wall for the trachea. A hole is created between the trachea and the anterior esophagus. the pt at highest risk also has a ng tube present
Trachea-innominate artery fistula a malpositioned tube caused its distal tip to push against the lateral wall of tracheostomy, continued pressure causes necrosis and erosion of the innominate artery. this is a medical emergency
BiPAP delivers a set inspiratory pressure as soon as the patient inspires, and a lower set end-expiratory pressure when pt begins to exhale
CPAP delivers a continuous pressure throughout both inhilation and exhalation which help to open collapsed alveoli and the upper airway. used for sleep apnea, cardiac-induced pulmonary edema
medicare costs of continuous oxygen therapy pt must have severe hypoxemia defined as a partial arterial pressure <88%
Created by: smarti13
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