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Beaver Local 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a huge sphere of very hot gas that emit light and other radiation | Star |
| A large celestial body that is composed of gas and that emits light | Star |
| Clouds of dust and gas | nebulas |
| ________ are formed from clouds of dust and gas, or nebulas, and go through different stages as they age | Star |
| The distance that light travels in one year; about 9.46 trillion kilometers | Light-year |
| Stars are a huge sphere of very hot ____________ and ____________ gas that emits light | hydrogen and helium |
| Stars are held together by _________________ forces | gravitational |
| What do stars get their energy from? | nuclear fusion that takes place in the stars core |
| Energy moves through the layers of a star by a combination of ________________ and ________________ | radiation; convection |
| T or F: During convection, hot gas moves away from the star's core | T |
| During radiation, energy is _______________ to individual atoms | transferred |
| The brightness of a star depends on what 3 things? | 1. temperature; 2. size; 3. distance from Earth |
| a formation of gas and dust that collapses because of gravity | Nebula |
| As a nebula collapses and forms a small spinning cloud of dust called a ____________ | protostar |
| at high temps electrons are stripped away from hydrogen atoms forming plasma. The protons under intense pressure form with neighbor protons converting hydrogen to helium (nuclear fusion)creating this: | Star |
| 25% of hydrogen has been converted internal outward pressure decreases causing star center to collapse because of non balanced forces forming a _______ _________ | red giant |
| as more fuel is used up in core it collapses again allowing the outer layer to let go and leaving behind a ___________ __________ | white dwarf |
| Supergiant stars explode in ________________ | supernovas |
| An object so massive and dense that not even light can escape its gravity | black hole |
| A collection of millions to billions of stars | galaxy |
| a group of stars or galaxies bound by gravity | cluster |
| A galaxy that has spiral arms made of gas, dust, and stars | Spiral Galaxy |
| A galaxy that has little gas or dust and is round shaped | Elliptical Galaxy |
| A galaxy with no particular shape | Irregular Galaxy |
| What galaxy do we live in? | Milky Way |
| What type of galaxy is the Milky Way? | Spiral Galaxy |
| The gas and dust located between the stars in a galaxy | interstellar matter |
| The closest star to Earth is: | Sun |
| The Milky Way galaxy contains interstellar matter that may form new ____________ | Stars |
| Elliptical galaxies often appear reddish due to an abundance of ________ stars | old |
| Our galaxy is classified as an ______________ galaxy. | Spiral |
| Who first proposed that the universe in expanding? | Hubble |
| A star's brightness is dependent on what 3 things: | temperature, size, and distance from Earth |
| 90% of the stars in our galaxy are in ___________ | midlife |
| The sun is in _______________ | midlife |
| Energy is released in stars as a result of _______________ reactions | fusion |
| Most of the stars in the Milky Way will end their lives as ____________ dwarfs | white |
| A small, dim, and very dense star about the size of Earth and slowly cool | White dwarfs |
| A gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space | Supernova |
| An object so massive and dense that not even light can escape its gravity | black hole |
| A very luminous object that produces energy at a high rate | quasar |
| The most distant objects in the universe | quasar |
| Quasars are among the strongest sources of __________________ in the universe | radio waves |
| The universe is made up mostly of ____________ space | empty |
| The instrument used to gather information about the stars | telescope |
| ___________ _________ occurs under conditions of extremely high temperature and pressure | Nuclear Fusion |
| A violent explosion that occurs when the core of a very large star has turned completely into iron | Supernova |
| The model's of the universe's future are directly dependent on the universe's __________ | mass |
| The sum of all space, matter and energy that exist, that have existed in the past, and that will exist in the future | Universe |
| A change in the observed frequency of electromagnetic radiation when an object or observer is moving | Doppler Effect |
| States that the universe began with a gigantic explosion 13 billion to 15 billion years ago | Big Bang Theory |
| According this the _______ _________ theory nothing existed before this | big bang |
| The diagnal line of stars in the H-R diagram is known as the __________ ______________ | main sequence |
| In which layer of the sun does fusion take place? | Layer C |
| In which layer of the sun is energy transferred through a process known as convection? | Layer D |
| A main-sequence star generates energy by fusing _____________ into _______________ | hydrogen into helium |
| The heaviest element formed in a star's core is ____________ | iron |
| According to Einstein's general theory of relavity, space is curved by __________ | mass |
| Inside a star's core, hydrogen nuclei fuse to form deuterons, which consists of one proton and one neutron. When deuterons fuse, what do they form? | helium nuclei |
| The hottest stars appear to be which color? | blue |
| What is the final stage in the life cycle of most stars in our galaxy? | white dwarf |
| What objects are thought to be the most distant objects in the universe? | quasars |
| About how long does it take light from the sun to reach Earth? | 8 minutes |
Created by:
kjones0722
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