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Resp. Dis. in child

The Child with a Respiratory Disorder

QuestionAnswer
Composed of lecithin and sphingomyelin and prevents the alveoli from collapsing during respirations after birth Surfactant
What is a premature birth accompanied by? Problems with respiratory gas exchange
The process of breathing air into and out of the lungs Ventilation
Most common infection of the respiratory tract Acute Coryza (cold)
May be related to inhaled cocaine or other drug abuse Nasopharyngitis
TRUE or FALSE. Antibiotics are NOT effective against the common cold TRUE
An inflammation of the structures in the throat Acute Pharyngitis
What is suspected when an upper respiratory infection lasts longer that 10 days with a daytime cough? Acute sinusitis
Treatment for acute sinusitis 10 to 14 day antibiotic therapy
A "barking" cough and varying degrees of inspiratory stridor Croup
Weakness of the airway walls and a floppy epiglottis that causes stridor on inspiration Congenital laryngeal stridor
How will you place an infant to lessen symptoms of congenital laryngeal stidor? Prone or propped in the side-lying position
Usually occurs in children between 1 to 3 years of age and can be caused by a virus, allergy, or psychological trigger Spasmodic laryngitis (spasmodic croup)
TRUE or FALSE. The attack of spasmodic croup lasts a few hours and by morning the child will feel normal? TRUE
Manifested by edema, destruction of respiratory cilia, and exudate, resulting in respiratory obstruction Laryngotracheobronchitis
Swelling of the tissues above the vocal cords Epilottitis (life-threatening)
Viral infection of the small airways in the lower respiratory tract Bronchiolitis (leads to atelectasis)
Treatment for Bronchiolitis Semi-fowler's position with a slightly hyperextended neck to facilitate respirations; Oral feedings supplemented by IV fluids; Bronchodilating aerosol therapy and high-humidity tents are prescribed; monitor vital signs and O2
Responsible for 50% of cases of bronchiolitis in infants and yound children; MOST COMMON cause of viral pneumonia Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Transmission of RSV Direct contact w/ respiratory secretions (can survive for more than 6hrs on countertops, tissues, and soap bars)
Prevention of RSV Monoclonal antibody, palivizumab (synagis)given monthly intramuscular injections
Occurs when infant inhales an oil-based substance into the airways Lipoid pneumonia
An inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli become filled with exudate and surfactant may be reduced Pneumonia
Most common cause of pneumonia in newborns Group B streptococci
Most common cause of pneumonia in infants 3 wks to 3 mos Chlamydia
Severe type of pneumonia caused by the coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are most often involved in childhood sinusitis
A complication of childhood sinusitis Periorbital
TRUE or FALSE. Pulse oximetry readings are of great value in carbon monoxide poisoning FALSE
What should be readily available at the bedside in infants with carbon monoxide poisoning An intubation tray
Should be avoided in the immediate postoperative period after a tonsillectomy Coughing, clearing the throat, and blowing nose
Benign forms of Croup Laryngomalacia and acute spasmodic laryngitis
Acute types of Croup Laryngotracheobronchitis and epiglottitis
A tongue blade examination of the throat can cause sudden respiratory arrest in a child with what? Epiglottitis
Characteristics of cystic fibrosis Bulky, frothy, fou-smelling stools
A multisystem disease characterized by an increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions Cystic fibrosis
Created by: vandas
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