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renal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most important thing to do when a pt is in renal failure | daily weights |
| if a 3rd heart sound is heard what does that mean | they is strain on the right ventrical |
| protein is normally ____ in the urine | absent |
| glucose is normally ________in the urine | completly absent there should be none |
| if there is casts in the urine what does that mean | tells there is a prob in the nephrons |
| what does it mean when there are RBCin the urine | possible kidney stones |
| what does myoglobin in the urine mean | there is a breakdown of muscles present |
| once serum glucose is greater than ___ it spills into the urine | 200 |
| in renal failure you will see | an increase in potassium, and phosphates and a decrease in calcium |
| increased when renal function deteriorates | BUN |
| Most accurate lab in telling kidney failure | creatinine |
| BUN/creatinine ratio | 10:1 |
| change in the BUN/creatinine ratio indicated | renal failure |
| die study | IVP |
| test to outline kidney, ureters and bladder | KUB |
| cath in the bladder through the urethera | retrograde pyelogram |
| sudden decline in GFR with retention of metabolic waste, inability to maintain electrolyte and acidbase balance, problems with BP regulation and erythropoiesis | Acute renal failure |
| acute rise in BUN and Cr | azotemia |
| azotemia | increase of serum creatinine of 0.5 or double the baseline |
| insult occurs before blood reaches kidneys, hypoperfusion, decreased GFR and oliguria | pre-renal failure |
| involves nephrons, glomerular, vascular, interstitial , tubular, | intra-renal renal failure |
| most common form of intrarenal failure, most common prolonged prerenal condition, effect of toxins on the tubules | Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) |
| past kindeys noe in the remainder of the urinary tract and there is obstruction | post renal failure |
| the removal of excess fluid and electrolytes ouside the body via a dialyzer | hemodialysis |
| hemodialysis uses when type of access | vascular access |
| sew artery and vein together to make the vein big and have high flow, listen for a brui and feel for a thrill-no BP taken in this arm | arterial-vein fistula |
| during hemodialysis you want to watch for | clotting, temp, sterility |
| indications for hemodialysis | chronic renal failure, complications of acute renal failure |
| contraindications for hemodialysis | hemodynamicaly unstable, if bleeding dont use |
| complications of dialysis | dysequillbrium, hypovolemia, hypotension, hypertension, muscle cramps, dysrhythmias, angina |
| what happens when you remove fluid to quickly | muscle cramping |
| removes waste products slowly at a slow continuous siltration, used when uric acid needs to be aggressively managed and it is tolerated better in hemodynamically unstable patients | (CRRT) continuous renal replacement therapies |
| the peritoneum is used as the semipermeabe membrane, osmosis is used to remov fluid, peritoneal cath is placed in surgery, used for pts who do not live close to a dialysis center | Peritoneal dialysis |
| with peritoneal dialysis you need to watch for retained fluids if there are what do you do | turn pt |
| patient needs to be in what position for peritoneal dialysis | semifowlers |
| what is epogen used for | to produce red blood cells eary on in renal failure |
| How to quickly treat Hypokalemia in renal failure | insulin/glusose: 100ml D50 and 20 units insluin to fore K out of serum and into the cells |
| what is kayexalate | an enema used to bind potassium |
| when administering meds to a pt with renal failure always have a ________check the med doses before giving them | clinical pharmacist |
Created by:
dnoyes
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