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BarryPathoResp
Patho Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When pH decreases (increase acidity), shifts O2-Hb diss curve to | Right |
| pH increase shifts O2-Hb diss curve to | Left |
| Increase CO2, increase temp, exercise shifts O2-Hb diss curve to | Right |
| Decrease CO2, increase pH, shifts O2-Hb diss curve to | Left |
| What percent of O2 binds to Hgb | 97 |
| What percent of O2 dissolve in blood | 3 |
| What percent of CO2 binds to Hgb | 23 |
| What percent of CO2 dissolves in blood | 7 |
| What percent of CO2 is transported as bicarbonate, making the RBC such an important buffer system | 70 |
| If PCO2 and PO2 are the same as venous blood, then Va/Q= 0 and I have no ____. | Ventilation |
| If PCO2 and PO2 are the same as inspired air, then Va/Q= infinity and I have no ____. | Perfusion |
| If Va/Q is normal, PO2 in alveoli is ____ than inspired air, and ____ than venous blood | Less, more |
| If Va/Q is normal, PCO2 in alveoli is ____ than inspired air, and ____ than venous blood | More, less |
| The amount of CO, 2%, per minute that goes to the bronchial vessels (unoxygenated) instead of going through the alveoli, showing an abnormal Va/Q ratio | Physiologic shunt |
| If Va/Q is more than normal, Va is good but Q is low and more O2 available than can be transported and the ventilation of these alveoli is said to be | Wasted |
| When ventilation of anatomical dead space and areas of the respiratory pathways is wasted too, the sum of these two types of wasted ventilation is known as | Physiological dead space |
| T or F. Once O2 diffuses from the alveoli, is transported by the blood, combined with hemoglobin which increase this transportation 30-100 times compared to simply dissolved | True |
| PO2 in ___>____>____ and for CO2 is the other way around | Alveoli, blood, tissues |
| With exercise a person will require as much as 20x's the amt. of O2 and the increase __, will decrease the time that blood stays in the capillaries. | CO |
| With increase CO blood oxygenation suffers but the _______ of O2 diffusion through the Pulm. memb. maintains the blood almost sat. with O2 | Great safety factor |
| Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation. | Inspiratory reserve volume |
| Amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions | Tidal volume |
| Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation | Expiratory reserve volume |
| Amount of air remaining in lungs after a FORCED exhalation | Residual volume |
| Maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal EXPIRATION. TV+IRV | Inspiratory capacity |
| Volume of air remaining in lungs after a NORMAL tidal volume expiration. ERV+ RV | Functional residual capacity |
| Maximum amount of air that can be EXPIRED after a maximum inspiratory effort. IRV+ TV+ERV. | Vital capacity |
| Maximum air contained in lungs after a maximum inspiratory effort. IRV+TV+ERV+RV | Total lung capacity |
| If Va is zero and there's still Q (perfusion ), Va/Q= | Zero |
| If Va is perfect but there's zero perfusion , Va/Q= | Infinity |
| At which ratio does no gas exchange exist? | Zero and infinity |
| PO2(mmHg) in ____>____>_____ | Air, alveoli, venous |
| PCO2(mmHg) in ____>____>____ | Venous, alveoli, air |
| Alveolar PN2 is ___ than PN2 is tissues | Less |
| PO2 in the pulmonary artery is_____ than PO2 in alveoli | Less |
| PCO2 in pulmonary vein is____ than PCO2 in pulmonary artery | Less |
| PN2 in the pulmonary artery is _____ to the PN2 in the pulmonary vein | Equal |
| PH2O in the pulmonary artery, alveoli, and pulmonary vein are | Equal |
| The___ system automatically adjust the rate of alveolar ventilation almost exactly to the body's demand | Nervous |
| T or F. Due to the automatic adjustment of the respiratory system, arterial PO2 and PCO2 are hardly modified even with moderated to instense exercise or other resp. distress | False. Nervous system |
| The respiratory center is composed of several groups of neurons located in the___, specifically at the ___ and ___. | Brain stem, medulla oblongata, pons |
| Dosal portion of medulla oblongata. mainly inspiration. | Dorsal Resp. Group |
| ventrolateral portion of medulla. Insp. or Expir. depending on the nerves stimulated | Ventral Resp. Group |
| Dorsally located in the pons. Rate and pattern of breathing | Pneumotaxic Center |
| The most important role in controlling resp is played by the___. | Dorsal Resp Group |
| Dorsal Resp Group receives informaton from the | chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, and other receptors in the lungs that help in the control |
| The signal transmitted to the primary inspiratory muscles is a | Ramp signal |
| The signal transmitted to the diaphragm and external intercostals is a | Ramp signal |
| T of F. The ramp signal starts from 0 and continues with a steady decrease for about 2 seconds. | False. increase |
| The ramp signal starts from _ and continues with a steady increase for about_ seconds and stops for_ seconds | 0, 2, 3 |
| The duration of __ is determined by duration of ___. | expiration, inspiration |
| The pneumotaxic center___ the duration of inspiration and ____ the respiratory rate | limits, increases |
| T or F. Strong signals from the pneumotaxic center increase the time of inspiration | False. Strong signals from the pneumtotaxic center reduce the time of inspiraton |
| T or F. Weak signals from the pneumotaxic center increase time of inspiration | True |
| The ventral group is mostly involved in | increased levels of ventilation |
| The ultimate goal of resp. is to maintain proper H+, O2, and CO2 in the ___. | Tissues |
| T or F. Increased H+ and CO2 indirectly stimulate the resp. Center causing increase of the inspiratory and expiratory signals | False. Directly |
| T or F. Oxygen doesnt have a direct effect on the center but acts through the central chemoreceptors located in the carotid and aortic bodies | False. Peripheral chemoreceptors |
| The Net Diffusion of a gas in one direction is a direct effect of its ______, and its _____. | Concentration gradient, surface pressure |
Created by:
Bvaleris
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