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Terms & Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the subdivider's financial responsibilities for public improvements associated with development? | Exactions |
| What is the difference between the budgeted cost and the actual cost spent to-date? | Cost variance |
| What is the method for measuring the progress of a project against the plan? | Earned value |
| the soil's ability to reduce the severity of groundwater contamination | Attentuation |
| Saturated zone immediately above the water table - saturation by capillary tension | Capillary fringe |
| What can be defined as sediments in varying proportions that are deposited by flowing water? | Alluvium |
| The detailed process of zoning conformance is _____. | Rezoning |
| Putting more resources on a project without changing WBS dependencies | Crashing |
| Strip of mostly level land bordering a stream or river, subject to flooding, is what? | Floodplain |
| This is a discharge of pollutants into the environ, partially or completely treated or in natural state. | Effluent |
| Areas where fresh water meets salt water are _____. | Estuaries |
| What type of zoning can be described as regulating the character of the use instead of just the use itself? | Performance Zoning |
| What types of standards deal with regulations to prevent the deteioration of very high quality airsheds? | PSD Standards |
| What type of washing machine is front-loading, common in Europe, & uses less energy & water? | H-axis |
| What type of pollutants are those related to overland run-off of rainwater and has multiple entry points into a water body? | Non-point |
| What is the expression given when leaving behind assumptions of growth and finding alternatives to it? | Smart Decline |
| What deals with the amount of stormwater runoff after the development of a site? | Zero Discharge |
| Entitlement of a land owner to certain uses of water on or bordering his property, including the right to prevent diversion of upstream waters is _________? | Riparian Rights |
| An aquifer holding water under pressure from a layer above it that doesn't let water pass through. | Confined Aquifer |
| This can be described as the traveled position of the street right-of-way. | Cartway |
| What is geologic material with little or no permeability or conductivity? | Confining Layer |
| What is a range of values that includes a certain population parameter with a given probability? | Confidence Interval |
| What is a technique to find the optimum design solution for a project? | Linear Programming |
| This is a statistical technique that provides an estimate of one variable based upon a linear function of another variable. | Regression Analysis |
| A document that is more focused, its main purpose is to direct resources to accomplish its goals and the decisions it is intended to affect are more limited in scope. | Strategic Plan |
| What is a way to provide a single service when it comes to financing & budgeting? | Special District |
| What is a means for forecasting future projection? | Cohort Survival |
| If you have a population and need to make assumptions about the data, which methodology would best suit your needs? | Inferential Statistics |
| This is a technique that involves citizens addresses citizens regarding a proposal through a workshop format. | Fishbowl Planning |
| This can be defined as successive rounds of argument and counter argument that work towards a consensus. | Policy Delphi |
| What can be described as a technique to find the optimum design solution for a project? | Linear Programming |
| What are the financing of improvements from current revenues? | Pay As You Go Financing |
| What can be defined as a liquid formed by water percolating through a landfill? | Leachate |
| This involves goals that are based on what already exists in the community and is a projection of what it desires. | Visioning |
| What issue prompted a study to see effects thaat their "changing intervals" have on driver safety? | Texting |
| Shopping centers, civic centers, & performing arts are all examples of what? | Uni-functional centers |
| Placement on landscape of new social programs that transform waste into more productive urbanized landscapes | Drosscaping |
| What type of design is usable by all persons without the need for adaptation? | Universal Design |
| What movement: focuses on specific territories & spatial planning, responses to problems of the metro region, integrating environmental/equity & economic goals, an emphasis on urban design, & a more activist stance by planners? | New Regionalism |
| What is the appropriate statistic to use when explaining income in a community? | Median |
| This measures the degree to which two interval or ratio variables are related. | Coefficient of correlation |
| This is an independent unit of local government that is unusually created by referendum & organized to perform specific governmental actions. | Special District |
| The intent of this practice is to concentrate development in areas where it is wanted & limit it where it is not. | Cluster Zoning |
| Because of these, by the 1960s many lakes & rivers were green & choking on growth. | Phosphates |
| This is the study of lakes & ponds: | Limnology |
| What are parks with viewing, areas that accommodate activity that isn't pre-programmed, non-motorized, & non-landscape dependent? | Passive parks |
| What are parks with formal fields, courts, picnic shelters, event areas, etc? | Active parks |
| The ability of insulation to keep heat out; the higher, the better the barrier. | R-factor |
| Analyzes development costs and incorporates data to estimate how physical conditions affect various development projects. | Land Capability Analysis |
| a measure of how much dissolved oxygen is being consumed as organic matter is broken down | BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) |
| These are the existing conditions. | Ambient |
| Pressure exerted on a column of fluid, which causes water in an aquifer to rise. | Hydrostatic Pressure |
| A glacial landform shaped like half of a hard-boiled egg cut lengthwise; the long axis indicates the direction of glacier flow. | Drumlin |
| A long narrow hill of sand and gravel in an area once covered by ice. | Esker |
| A glacial deposit of rock & soil. | Moraine |
| Refers to the algae, plant, and animal materials that accumulate on beaches at the high water mark. | Wrack |
| a lake or lake-type environment | Lacustrine |
| a swamp or marsh type of non-tidal wetland | Palustrine |
| Digital database of geographic features, such as roads, railroads, rivers, lakes, legal boundaries, census statistical boundaries, etc. covering the entire United States | Tiger file |
| Data series such as building permits that are reflective of population change and can be used in developing current population estimates | Symptomatic Indicators |
| Assumes that the portion of a sample's type (people, age, occupation, animal, etc..) in a given population/area will remain same over time | Constant Share Technique |
| An projection for employment / population that takes into account the shift/movement of jobs & people from or to a community | Shift Share Technique |
| A process whereby citizens attend a series of meetings that provide the opportunity to offer input on how the community could be in the future. | Visioning |
| Short-term in focus & specific in accomplishing certain objectives. | Strategic Planning |
| Gathers information about a population at a single point in time | Cross-sectional survey |
| Gathers information about a population over a period of time | Longitudinal surveys |
| Used for specifc populations. Allows a high and quick response rate. This survey method requires a small sample size. | Group-administered surveys |
| Determines characteristics of a population based on observations made on a sample from that population. What is observed in the sample is assumed to apply to the population. | Inferential Statistics |
| Data that is classified into mutually exclusive groups that lack intrinsic order. Race and sex are examples of nominal data. Mode is the only measure of central tendency that can be used for this data type. | Nominal data |
| Data values are ordered so that inferences can be made regarding magnitude, but have no fixed interval between values. educational attainment or a letter grade on a test. Mode and median are the only measures of central tendency that can be used. | Ordinal data |
| data that has an ordered relationship with a magnitude, such as temperature. 10 degrees is not twice as cold as 20 degrees. | Interval data |
| Data has an ordered relationship and equal intervals. Distance is an example--2 miles is twice as long as 1 mile. Any form of central tendency can be used for this type of data. | Ratio data |
| The average squared difference of scores from the mean score of a distribution. | Variance |
| is the square root of the variance. | Standard deviation |
| The standard deviation of a sampling distribution. Standard errors indicate the degree of sampling fluctuation. The larger the sample size the smaller the standard error. | Standard Error |
| Gives an estimated range of values that is likely to include an unknown population parameter. The width of the confidence interval gives us an idea of how uncertain we are about the unknown parameter. | Confidence Interval |
| Uses the rate of growth (or decline) in population over a period of time to estimate the current or future population. | Linear Method |
| Uses available data to estimate the current population. | Symptomatic Method |
| Uses the ratio between the population of a city and a county (or larger geographical unit) at a known point in time, such as the decennial census. This ratio is used to project the current or future population. | Step-Down Ratio Method |
| Uses the current population plus natural increase and net migration to calculate a future population. The population is calculated for men and women in specific age groups. | Cohort Survival Method |
| The difference between the number of people moving in and the number of people moving out. | Net Migration |
| looks at basic and non-basic economic activities. Basic activities are those that can be exported, while non-basic activities are those that are locally oriented. The exporting (basic) industries make up the economic base of a region. | Economic Base Analysis |
| A ratio of an industry’s share of local employment divided by its share of the nation (or other level of government). A ratio of less than 1 indicates that an area imports an industry’s products or services, a ratio of greater than 1 indicates exporting. | Location-Quotient (LQ) |
| Analyzes a local economy in comparison with a larger economy. This analysis looks at the differential shift, proportional shift, and economic growth. | Shift-Share Analysis |
| A contiguous, densely settled census block groups and blocks that meet minimum population density requirements, along with adjacent densely settled census blocks that together encompass a population of at least 50,000 people. | Urbanized Area |
| "a descriptive term used when the above variable types fall on either the nominal or ordinal scale" | Qualitative Data |
| "a descriptive term used when the above variable types fall on either the interval or ratio scale" | Quantitative Data |
| a variable where the value can change to another at any time | Continuous Data |
| a variable where the value is fixed or static | Dichotomous Data |
| a variable where the values are drawn from a finite set | Discrete Data |
| "are a graphical display of frequency distribution. The range of responses is places (usually) on the x-axis and the total number of each response is (usually) plotted against the y-axis. " | Histogram |
| "nearly identical to histograms, except the resulting graphic is a line chart." | Frequency Polygons |
| "a measure of the distance, in standard deviation units, from the mean. It is used to determine probability if something would, or would not, happen" | Z-Score |
| "compare the means of two groups and determine how likely the difference between the two means occurred by chance" | T-Test |
| "A small Census unit with approximately 4,000 residents. Census tracts are only used in MSAs and in some other counties." | Census Tract |
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planning_guru
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